महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-36, verse-20

तथा स्त्रीषु प्रतिश्रुत्य पौरुषं पुरुषेषु च ।
कत्थमानोऽभिनिर्याय किमर्थं न युयुत्ससे ॥२०॥

20. tathā strīṣu pratiśrutya pauruṣaṁ puruṣeṣu ca ,
katthamāno'bhiniryāya kimarthaṁ na yuyutsase.

20. tathā strīṣu pratiśrutya pauruṣam puruṣeṣu ca
katthyamānaḥ abhiniryāya kimartham na yuyutsase

20. Having thus promised your valor (pauruṣa) to women and boasted of it among men (puruṣa), and having come forth (to battle), why do you not desire to fight?

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• स्त्रीषु (strīṣu) - among women

• प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised (having promised, having vowed)

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor (pauruṣa) (manliness, valor, heroism)

• पुरुषेषु (puruṣeṣu) - among men (puruṣa) (among men, among persons)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कत्थ्यमानः (katthyamānaḥ) - boasting (boasting, praising oneself)

• अभिनिर्याय (abhiniryāya) - having come forth (having come forth, having gone out)

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose, for what reason)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• युयुत्ससे (yuyutsase) - you desire to fight

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

स्त्रीषु (strīṣu) - among women

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised (having promised, having vowed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' (to hear) with upasarga 'prati' (towards, back) and suffix '-tya'.

Prefix: prati

Root: śru (class 5)

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor (pauruṣa) (manliness, valor, heroism)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - manliness, valor, heroism

Derived from 'puruṣa' (man, person).

पुरुषेषु (puruṣeṣu) - among men (puruṣa) (among men, among persons)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, cosmic person

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कत्थ्यमानः (katthyamānaḥ) - boasting (boasting, praising oneself)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of katthyamāna

katthyamāna - boasting, praising oneself

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root 'katth' (to boast) with the suffix '-māna'.

Root: katth (class 1)

अभिनिर्याय (abhiniryāya) - having come forth (having come forth, having gone out)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'yā' (to go) with upasargas 'abhi' (towards) and 'nir' (out), and suffix '-ya'.

Prefixes: abhi+nir

Root: yā (class 2)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose, for what reason)

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'kim' (what) and 'artha' (purpose).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, why
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

युयुत्ससे (yuyutsase) - you desire to fight

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yudh

Desiderative, Present Tense

Desiderative stem 'yuyutsa' from root 'yudh' (to fight), conjugated in present middle voice.

Root: yudh (class 4)