महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-36, verse-31

तदेवैतच्छिरोग्रीवं तौ बाहू परिघोपमौ ।
तद्वदेवास्य विक्रान्तं नायमन्यो धनंजयात् ॥३१॥

31. tadevaitacchirogrīvaṁ tau bāhū parighopamau ,
tadvadevāsya vikrāntaṁ nāyamanyo dhanaṁjayāt.

31. tat eva etat śirogrīvam tau bāhū parigha upamau tat
vat eva asya vikrāntam na ayam anyaḥ dhanaṃjayāt

31. His head and neck are indeed just like that, and his two arms resemble maces. Similarly, his valor is exactly the same; this person is none other than Dhanañjaya (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• शिरोग्रीवम् (śirogrīvam) - head and neck

• तौ (tau) - those two

• बाहू (bāhū) - two arms

• परिघ (parigha) - mace, club, iron bar

• उपमौ (upamau) - similar, like (dual masculine)

• तत् वत् (tat vat) - in that manner, accordingly, like that

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• अस्य (asya) - of Bṛhannaḷā (Arjuna in disguise) (of him, his)

• विक्रान्तम् (vikrāntam) - valor, prowess, courage, mighty deed

• न (na) - not, no

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (Bṛhannaḷā) (this, this one)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, different

• धनंजयात् (dhanaṁjayāt) - from Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to the characteristics already mentioned or implied (Arjuna's).

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the head and neck.

शिरोग्रीवम् (śirogrīvam) - head and neck

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śirogrīva

śirogrīva - head and neck

Compound of 'śiras' (head) and 'grīvā' (neck).

Compound type : dvandva (śiras+grīvā)

• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Acts as the subject.

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to the two arms.

बाहू (bāhū) - two arms

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm, forearm

Note: Subject.

परिघ (parigha) - mace, club, iron bar

(noun)

masculine, singular of parigha

parigha - mace, club, bolt, iron bar

From 'pari' (around) + root 'han' (strike, kill), with 'ghañ' suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: han (class 2)

Note: First part of a compound.

उपमौ (upamau) - similar, like (dual masculine)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of upama

upama - similar, comparable, like, resembling

Note: Qualifies 'bāhū'. Forms a karmadhāraya compound 'parighopamau' (like maces).

तत् वत् (tat vat) - in that manner, accordingly, like that

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + 'vat' (suffix forming adverbs of comparison).

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of Bṛhannaḷā (Arjuna in disguise) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the person being described.

विक्रान्तम् (vikrāntam) - valor, prowess, courage, mighty deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vikrānta

vikrānta - valor, prowess, courage; also 'valiant, mighty' (as adjective or PPP)

Past Passive Participle

From 'vi' + root 'kram' (to step, stride).

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Subject.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this one (Bṛhannaḷā) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Subject, referring to Bṛhannaḷā.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, different, another

Note: Predicate adjective.

धनंजयात् (dhanaṁjayāt) - from Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - Dhanañjaya (a proper name for Arjuna, lit. "conqueror of wealth"), fire

Compound 'dhana' (wealth) + 'jaya' (conquering).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ji' (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used with 'anyaḥ' meaning 'other than'.