महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-36, verse-17

अर्जुन उवाच ।
भयेन दीनरूपोऽसि द्विषतां हर्षवर्धनः ।
न च तावत्कृतं किंचित्परैः कर्म रणाजिरे ॥१७॥

17. arjuna uvāca ,
bhayena dīnarūpo'si dviṣatāṁ harṣavardhanaḥ ,
na ca tāvatkṛtaṁ kiṁcitparaiḥ karma raṇājire.

17. arjunaḥ uvāca bhayena dīnarūpaḥ asi dviṣatām harṣavardhanaḥ
na ca tāvat kṛtam kiṃcit paraiḥ karma raṇājire

17. Arjuna said: Due to fear, you appear miserable, thus increasing the joy of your enemies. Moreover, the enemies have not yet performed any deed on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• भयेन (bhayena) - by fear, due to fear

• दीनरूपः (dīnarūpaḥ) - referring to Uttara's frightened look (having a miserable appearance, wretched-looking)

• असि (asi) - you are

• द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of the Kaurava army (of the enemies)

• हर्षवर्धनः (harṣavardhanaḥ) - increasing the joy of the enemies (by showing fear) (increasing joy, delight-enhancing)

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and, moreover

• तावत् (tāvat) - yet, so much, meanwhile

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by the Kaurava enemies (by enemies, by others)

• कर्म (karma) - warlike action, attack (deed, action (karma))

• रणाजिरे (raṇājire) - in the battlefield, in the arena of battle

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

भयेन (bhayena) - by fear, due to fear

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

दीनरूपः (dīnarūpaḥ) - referring to Uttara's frightened look (having a miserable appearance, wretched-looking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnarūpa

dīnarūpa - having a wretched/miserable appearance, miserable-looking

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+rūpa)

• dīna – miserable, poor, distressed, sad
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dī' (to perish, to be distressed)
  Root: dī (class 4)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of the Kaurava army (of the enemies)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dviṣat

dviṣat - hating, hostile, enemy

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dviṣ' (to hate)

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

हर्षवर्धनः (harṣavardhanaḥ) - increasing the joy of the enemies (by showing fear) (increasing joy, delight-enhancing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣavardhana

harṣavardhana - joy-increasing, delight-promoting

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (harṣa+vardhana)

• harṣa – joy, delight, excitement
  noun (masculine)
• vardhana – increasing, causing to grow, promoting
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/derivative
  Derived from root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, moreover

(indeclinable)

तावत् (tāvat) - yet, so much, meanwhile

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiṃcid

kiṁcid - something, anything, a little, a certain

परैः (paraiḥ) - by the Kaurava enemies (by enemies, by others)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, enemy

कर्म (karma) - warlike action, attack (deed, action (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate, destiny (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रणाजिरे (raṇājire) - in the battlefield, in the arena of battle

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of raṇājira

raṇājira - battlefield, arena of war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+ajira)

• raṇa – battle, fight, war
  noun (masculine)
• ajira – courtyard, open ground, arena
  noun (neuter)