महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-38, verse-36

तमुवाच ततः प्रीतः स द्विजः प्रहसन्निव ।
वरं वृणीष्व भद्रं ते शक्रोऽहमरिसूदन ॥३६॥

36. tamuvāca tataḥ prītaḥ sa dvijaḥ prahasanniva ,
varaṁ vṛṇīṣva bhadraṁ te śakro'hamarisūdana.

36. tam uvāca tataḥ prītaḥ saḥ dvijaḥ prahasan iva
varam vṛṇīṣva bhadram te śakraḥ aham arisūdana

36. Then, that Brahmin, pleased and as if laughing, said to him, "Ask for a boon; may you have well-being, O destroyer of enemies (arisūdana)! I am Śakra (Indra)."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Arjuna) (him, to him, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards, therefore

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted, satisfied

• सः (saḥ) - that one (the Brahmin, i.e., Indra) (he, that)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (Indra in disguise) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, choice, excellent thing

• वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, ask for, select

• भद्रम् (bhadram) - may welfare be (good, auspicious, welfare, prosperity)

• ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra) (mighty, powerful; name of Indra)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अरिसूदन (arisūdana) - O destroyer of enemies (an epithet for Arjuna) (destroyer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Arjuna) (him, to him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Liṭ) of vac

Perfect

3rd person singular active, Parasmaipada, perfect tense (Liṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards, therefore

(indeclinable)

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted, satisfied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root prī (to please, to delight)

Root: prī (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - that one (the Brahmin, i.e., Indra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Brahmin.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (Indra in disguise) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jan – to be born
  verb
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Here, refers to Indra in the guise of a Brahmin.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasant

prahasant - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root has (to laugh) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, choice, excellent thing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, excellent

Root: vṛ (class 9)

वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, ask for, select

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (Loṭ) of vṛ

Imperative

2nd person singular middle, Atmanepada, imperative mood (Loṭ)

Root: vṛ (class 9)

भद्रम् (bhadram) - may welfare be (good, auspicious, welfare, prosperity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhadra

bhadra - auspicious, good, fortunate, welfare

Note: Used impersonally, 'may there be good (for you)'.

ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here, dative case, meaning 'for you'.

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra) (mighty, powerful; name of Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - mighty, powerful; name of Indra

Root: śak (class 5)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अरिसूदन (arisūdana) - O destroyer of enemies (an epithet for Arjuna) (destroyer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arisūdana

arisūdana - destroyer of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+sūdana)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroyer, killer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root sūd (to kill, destroy)
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: An epithet for Arjuna.