महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-38, verse-3

स मुहूर्तमिव ध्यात्वा वनवासमरिंदमः ।
धनंजयं धर्मराजो रहसीदमुवाच ह ॥३॥

3. sa muhūrtamiva dhyātvā vanavāsamariṁdamaḥ ,
dhanaṁjayaṁ dharmarājo rahasīdamuvāca ha.

3. sa muhūrtam iva dhyātvā vanavāsam ariṃdamaḥ
dhanañjayam dharmarājaḥ rahasi idam uvāca ha

3. King Yudhiṣṭhira, the subduer of enemies and king of dharma (dharma), after meditating for a moment on their forest dwelling, spoke these words in private to Dhananjaya (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (for a moment, an instant)

• इव (iva) - as if, for a (short) while (like, as, as it were)

• ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - after meditating (having meditated, having thought)

• वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - on their forest dwelling (exile) (forest dwelling, exile in the forest)

• अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - the subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies)

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhananjaya (Arjuna)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of dharma (dharma) (king of righteousness, king of dharma)

• रहसि (rahasi) - in private (in secret, in private, in solitude)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, these)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

• ह (ha) - indeed (particle for emphasis) (indeed, surely, verily)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (for a moment, an instant)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, instant; a period of time (48 minutes)

Note: Denotes duration of action.

इव (iva) - as if, for a (short) while (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - after meditating (having meditated, having thought)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

From root dhyai (to meditate, contemplate) with ktvā suffix.

Root: dhyai (class 1)

वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - on their forest dwelling (exile) (forest dwelling, exile in the forest)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - living in a forest, forest-dwelling, exile in the forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residing, abode
  noun (masculine)
  From root vas (to dwell).
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of dhyātvā.

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - the subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduing foes, conqueror of enemies (epithet)

From ari (enemy) + dama (subduer).

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛ (to go), literally 'one who goes against'.
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• dama – taming, controlling, subduing, one who tames
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, control).
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies dharmarājaḥ.

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhananjaya (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth; name of Arjuna, fire

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – conquering, victory, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of uvāca.

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of dharma (dharma) (king of righteousness, king of dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, a just king; name of Yudhiṣṭhira, Yama

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, constitution (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

रहसि (rahasi) - in private (in secret, in private, in solitude)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rahas

rahas - secret, solitude, privacy

इदम् (idam) - this (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

3rd person singular active, Parasmaipada. Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed (particle for emphasis) (indeed, surely, verily)

(indeclinable)