महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-33, verse-28

इष्टापूर्तफलं न स्यान्न शिष्यो न गुरुर्भवेत् ।
पुरुषः कर्मसाध्येषु स्याच्चेदयमकारणम् ॥२८॥

28. iṣṭāpūrtaphalaṁ na syānna śiṣyo na gururbhavet ,
puruṣaḥ karmasādhyeṣu syāccedayamakāraṇam.

28. iṣṭāpūrtaphalam na syāt na śiṣyaḥ na guruḥ bhavet
puruṣaḥ karmasādhyeṣu syāt cet ayam akāraṇam

28. The fruits of sacrifices and charitable deeds would not exist; there would be neither a disciple nor a preceptor (guru), if this individual (puruṣa) were considered to be without agency in matters that are accomplished through action (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• इष्टापूर्तफलम् (iṣṭāpūrtaphalam) - the fruit of sacrifices and charitable deeds

• न (na) - not

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be, may be

• न (na) - not

• शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

• न (na) - not

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - preceptor, teacher (guru)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, should be, may be

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, an individual (puruṣa)

• कर्मसाध्येषु (karmasādhyeṣu) - in matters achievable by actions (karma)

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be, may be

• चेत् (cet) - if

• अयम् (ayam) - this (person)

• अकारणम् (akāraṇam) - without a cause, ineffectual, purposeless

Words meanings and morphology

इष्टापूर्तफलम् (iṣṭāpūrtaphalam) - the fruit of sacrifices and charitable deeds

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭāpūrtaphala

iṣṭāpūrtaphala - the fruit or result of sacrifices ('iṣṭa') and charitable works ('pūrta')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (iṣṭa+pūrta+phala)

• iṣṭa – sacrificed, worshipped, desired, a sacrifice
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• pūrta – filled, accomplished, charitable act (like building wells, temples)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative/Potential (Vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - pupil, student, disciple, one to be taught

Future Passive Participle (gerundive)

From root śās (to teach, instruct).

Root: śās (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

गुरुः (guruḥ) - preceptor, teacher (guru)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - heavy, weighty, important, venerable, teacher, preceptor

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative/Potential (Vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, an individual (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, human being, the Supreme Being, spirit (in Sāṅkhya philosophy)

कर्मसाध्येषु (karmasādhyeṣu) - in matters achievable by actions (karma)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of karmasādhya

karmasādhya - achievable through action (karma), dependent on action (karma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karma+sādhya)

• karma – action, deed, work, ritual, fate, effect of actions
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• sādhya – to be accomplished, practicable, curable, effect, goal
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
  From root sādh.
  Root: sādh (class 5)

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative/Potential (Vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

अकारणम् (akāraṇam) - without a cause, ineffectual, purposeless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akāraṇa

akāraṇa - causeless, without reason, ineffectual, without motive

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kāraṇa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument, motive
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)