महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-33, verse-17

स्वभावतः प्रवृत्तोऽन्यः प्राप्नोत्यर्थानकारणात् ।
तत्स्वभावात्मकं विद्धि फलं पुरुषसत्तम ॥१७॥

17. svabhāvataḥ pravṛtto'nyaḥ prāpnotyarthānakāraṇāt ,
tatsvabhāvātmakaṁ viddhi phalaṁ puruṣasattama.

17. svabhāvataḥ pravṛttaḥ anyaḥ prāpnoti arthān akāraṇāt
tat svabhāvātmakam viddhi phalam puruṣasattama

17. O excellent person (puruṣasattama), know that another obtains things without an apparent cause, being impelled by their intrinsic nature (svabhāva); that result is to be understood as arising from one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva).

17. ומי שפועל מתוך טבעו ומשיג דברים ללא סיבה גלויה, דע שהפרי הזה בא מטבע הדברים, הו אדם נעלה.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वभावतः (svabhāvataḥ) - by intrinsic nature, naturally, spontaneously

• प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - impelled, acting under an impulse (engaged, active, impelled, commenced)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another person (another, other, different person)

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, gets

• अर्थान् (arthān) - objects, purposes, things, wealth

• अकारणात् (akāraṇāt) - without cause, causelessly

• तत् (tat) - that

• स्वभावात्मकम् (svabhāvātmakam) - consisting of intrinsic nature, inherent to one's being

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

• पुरुषसत्तम (puruṣasattama) - Addressed to Arjuna (O best among men, O excellent person)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वभावतः (svabhāvataḥ) - by intrinsic nature, naturally, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'svabhāva' (intrinsic nature) with the suffix '-tas'.

प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - impelled, acting under an impulse (engaged, active, impelled, commenced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - engaged, active, set in motion, impelled, arisen

Past Passive Participle

from root 'vṛt' (to turn, to be) with prefix 'pra' (forth, forward).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another person (another, other, different person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Subject of 'prāpnoti'.

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, gets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp

Root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

अर्थान् (arthān) - objects, purposes, things, wealth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, thing, wealth, advantage

Note: Object of 'prāpnoti'.

अकारणात् (akāraṇāt) - without cause, causelessly

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of akāraṇa

akāraṇa - without cause, causeless

Compound of negative prefix 'a-' and 'kāraṇa' (cause).

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Object of 'viddhi', referring to 'phalam'.

स्वभावात्मकम् (svabhāvātmakam) - consisting of intrinsic nature, inherent to one's being

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svabhāvātmaka

svabhāvātmaka - consisting of one's intrinsic nature, inherent in one's being

Compound of 'svabhāva' (intrinsic nature) and 'ātmaka' (consisting of, relating to the self (ātman)).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svabhāva+ātmaka)

• svabhāva – intrinsic nature, inherent disposition, self-existence (svabhāva)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'bhāva' (being, state).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātmaka – consisting of, related to, having the nature of, inherent in the self (ātman)
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'ātman' (self).

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Irregular imperative form of root 'vid'.

Root: vid (class 2)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

पुरुषसत्तम (puruṣasattama) - Addressed to Arjuna (O best among men, O excellent person)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+sattama)

• puruṣa – person, human being, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good, existing, true).

Previous Verse Next Verse