महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-33, verse-20

यद्ध्ययं पुरुषः किंचित्कुरुते वै शुभाशुभम् ।
तद्धातृविहितं विद्धि पूर्वकर्मफलोदयम् ॥२०॥

20. yaddhyayaṁ puruṣaḥ kiṁcitkurute vai śubhāśubham ,
taddhātṛvihitaṁ viddhi pūrvakarmaphalodayam.

20. yat hi ayam puruṣaḥ kiñcit kurute vai śubhāśubham
tat dhātṛvihitam viddhi pūrvakarmaphalodayam

20. Whatever good or bad action (karma) this individual (puruṣa) performs, know that it is indeed ordained by the Ordainer (Dhātā) and represents the arising of the fruit of past actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• अयम् (ayam) - this individual (this one)

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, an individual (puruṣa) (man, person, human being, the spiritual self (puruṣa))

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - whatever (anything, something, whatever)

• कुरुते (kurute) - he performs (he does, he performs, he makes)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

• शुभाशुभम् (śubhāśubham) - good or bad (action) (good and bad, auspicious and inauspicious)

• तत् (tat) - that (result) (that, therefore)

• धातृविहितम् (dhātṛvihitam) - ordained by the Ordainer (Dhātā) (ordained by Dhātā, arranged by the creator)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know (imperative))

• पूर्वकर्मफलोदयम् (pūrvakarmaphalodayam) - the arising of the fruit of past actions (karma)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this individual (this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, an individual (puruṣa) (man, person, human being, the spiritual self (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the spiritual self, the Cosmic Person

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - whatever (anything, something, whatever)

(indeclinable)

from kim + cid

कुरुते (kurute) - he performs (he does, he performs, he makes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

शुभाशुभम् (śubhāśubham) - good or bad (action) (good and bad, auspicious and inauspicious)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubhāśubha

śubhāśubha - good and bad, auspicious and inauspicious

Compound type : dvandva (śubha+aśubha)

• śubha – good, auspicious, beautiful
  adjective
• aśubha – bad, inauspicious, evil
  adjective
  negative prefix 'a' + 'śubha'

Note: Refers to 'something good or bad'.

तत् (tat) - that (result) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

धातृविहितम् (dhātṛvihitam) - ordained by the Ordainer (Dhātā) (ordained by Dhātā, arranged by the creator)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of dhātṛvihita

dhātṛvihita - ordained by Dhātā, arranged by the creator

past passive participle

compound of Dhātṛ and vihita (PPP of dhā with vi)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhātṛ+vihita)

• dhātṛ – creator, supporter, ordainer, Brahmā
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from dhā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vihita – ordained, arranged, appointed, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhā with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

पूर्वकर्मफलोदयम् (pūrvakarmaphalodayam) - the arising of the fruit of past actions (karma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrvakarmaphalodaya

pūrvakarmaphalodaya - arising of the fruit of past actions

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrvakarma+phala+udaya)

• pūrvakarma – past action, previous deed
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• udaya – arising, rising, prosperity, result
  noun (masculine)
  from ud + i 'to go'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)