महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-131, verse-41

स्वार्थाद्वा यदि वा कामान्न किंचिदुपलक्षयेत् ।
पितृदेवातिथिकृते साधनं कुरुते च यः ॥४१॥

41. svārthādvā yadi vā kāmānna kiṁcidupalakṣayet ,
pitṛdevātithikṛte sādhanaṁ kurute ca yaḥ.

41. svārthāt vā yadi vā kāmāt na kiṃcit upalakṣayet
pitṛdevātithikṛte sādhanaṃ kurute ca yaḥ

41. yaḥ svārthāt vā yadi vā kāmāt kiṃcit na
upalakṣayet ca pitṛdevātithikṛte sādhanaṃ kurute

41. And he who aims for nothing out of self-interest or desires, but rather provides the means for ancestors, gods, and guests.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वार्थात् (svārthāt) - from self-interest, for one's own purpose

• वा (vā) - or

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• वा (vā) - or

• कामात् (kāmāt) - from desires, out of longing

• न (na) - not, no

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something, a little

• उपलक्षयेत् (upalakṣayet) - he should perceive, observe, aim for, notice

• पितृदेवातिथिकृते (pitṛdevātithikṛte) - for the sake of ancestors, gods, and guests

• साधनं (sādhanaṁ) - means, instrument, resource, accomplishment

• कुरुते (kurute) - he does, performs, makes

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

Words meanings and morphology

स्वार्थात् (svārthāt) - from self-interest, for one's own purpose

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svārtha

svārtha - self-interest, one's own purpose or object

Compound of sva (own) and artha (purpose, meaning, wealth).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+artha)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the source or cause.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

कामात् (kāmāt) - from desires, out of longing

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, love

Derived from root √kam (to desire).

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Indicates the source or motivation.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something, a little

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiṃcit

kiṁcit - anything, something, a little, whatever

Indefinite pronoun.

उपलक्षयेत् (upalakṣayet) - he should perceive, observe, aim for, notice

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upalakṣ

Optative Mood

Derived from root √lakṣ (to perceive, mark) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is yaḥ.

पितृदेवातिथिकृते (pitṛdevātithikṛte) - for the sake of ancestors, gods, and guests

(indeclinable)

Compound of pitṛ, deva, atithi, and kṛta (done for).

Compound type : dvandva + tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+deva+atithi+kṛta)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• atithi – guest, stranger
  noun (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make). Here used with locative suffix for 'for the sake of'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Locative used adverbially.

साधनं (sādhanaṁ) - means, instrument, resource, accomplishment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sādhana

sādhana - means, instrument, resource, accomplishment, effecting

Derived from root √sādh (to accomplish, effect).

Root: sādh (class 5)

कुरुते (kurute) - he does, performs, makes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense

3rd person singular, present indicative, middle voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Verb for the action of yaḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Begins the relative clause.