महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-131, verse-39

सर्वोपवासी नियतः स्वाध्यायपरमः शुचिः ।
बर्हिष्कान्तरिते नित्यं शयानोऽग्निगृहे सदा ॥३९॥

39. sarvopavāsī niyataḥ svādhyāyaparamaḥ śuciḥ ,
barhiṣkāntarite nityaṁ śayāno'gnigṛhe sadā.

39. sarvopavāsī niyataḥ svādhyāyaparamaḥ śuciḥ
barhiṣkāntarite nityaṃ śayānaḥ agnigṛhe sadā

39. niyataḥ śuciḥ sarvopavāsī svādhyāyaparamaḥ
nityaṃ sadā barhiṣkāntarite agnigṛhe śayānaḥ

39. Always observing complete fasts, self-controlled, supremely devoted to sacred study, and pure, he constantly lies on sacred grass within the fire-house.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वोपवासी (sarvopavāsī) - one who observes complete fasts, always fasting

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, disciplined, restrained

• स्वाध्यायपरमः (svādhyāyaparamaḥ) - supremely devoted to self-study, foremost in Vedic recitation

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, virtuous

• बर्हिष्कान्तरिते (barhiṣkāntarite) - on a bed or mat of sacred grass, as part of ritual practice or ascetic observance. (on sacred grass, separated by sacred grass)

• नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

• शयानः (śayānaḥ) - lying, sleeping, resting

• अग्निगृहे (agnigṛhe) - in the fire-house, in the house for sacrificial fires

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वोपवासी (sarvopavāsī) - one who observes complete fasts, always fasting

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvopavāsin

sarvopavāsin - one who observes complete fasts, always fasting

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+upavāsin)

• sarva – all, whole, complete
  adjective (masculine)
• upavāsin – one who fasts, a faster
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from verbal root
  Derived from root √vas (to dwell) with prefix upa + suffix -in, or from upa + √vas (to fast).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 2)

नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, disciplined, restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, controlled, disciplined, fixed, firm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √yam (to restrain) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

स्वाध्यायपरमः (svādhyāyaparamaḥ) - supremely devoted to self-study, foremost in Vedic recitation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svādhyāyaparama

svādhyāyaparama - supremely devoted to self-study/Vedic recitation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svādhyāya+parama)

• svādhyāya – self-study, Vedic recitation, study of sacred texts
  noun (masculine)
• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the person described in the verse.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright, holy, virtuous

Root: śuc (class 1)

बर्हिष्कान्तरिते (barhiṣkāntarite) - on a bed or mat of sacred grass, as part of ritual practice or ascetic observance. (on sacred grass, separated by sacred grass)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of barhiṣkāntarita

barhiṣkāntarita - separated by sacred grass, lying on sacred grass

Past Passive Participle (for antarita)

Compound of barhiṣ (sacred grass) and antarita (intervened, separated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (barhiṣ+antarita)

• barhiṣ – sacred grass (kusha grass), sacrificial grass
  noun (neuter)
• antarita – intervened, separated, covered, concealed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go) with prefix antar.
  Prefix: antar
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the state or place of lying.

नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of nitya, used adverbially.

शयानः (śayānaḥ) - lying, sleeping, resting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping, resting

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √śī (to lie, sleep) with Śānac suffix.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Describes the continuous action of the subject.

अग्निगृहे (agnigṛhe) - in the fire-house, in the house for sacrificial fires

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of agnigṛha

agnigṛha - fire-house, the place where sacrificial fires are kept

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+gṛha)

• agni – fire, sacrificial fire, deity Agni
  noun (masculine)
• gṛha – house, dwelling
  noun (neuter)

Note: Specifies the location.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)