महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-131, verse-27

शूद्रकर्माणि सर्वाणि यथान्यायं यथाविधि ।
शुश्रूषां परिचर्यां च ज्येष्ठे वर्णे प्रयत्नतः ।
कुर्यादविमनाः शूद्रः सततं सत्पथे स्थितः ॥२७॥

27. śūdrakarmāṇi sarvāṇi yathānyāyaṁ yathāvidhi ,
śuśrūṣāṁ paricaryāṁ ca jyeṣṭhe varṇe prayatnataḥ ,
kuryādavimanāḥ śūdraḥ satataṁ satpathe sthitaḥ.

27. śūdrakarmāṇi sarvāṇi yathānyāyaṃ
yathāvidhi śuśrūṣām paricaryām ca
jyeṣṭhe varṇe prayatnataḥ kuryāt avimanāḥ
śūdraḥ satataṃ satpathe sthitaḥ

27. śūdraḥ avimanāḥ satataṃ satpathe
sthitaḥ yathānyāyaṃ yathāvidhi prayatnataḥ
jyeṣṭhe varṇe sarvāṇi śūdrakarmāṇi
śuśrūṣām ca paricaryām kuryāt

27. A śūdra, steadfastly abiding on the virtuous path and without mental reservations, should diligently perform all the duties of his class, appropriately and according to prescribed rules, offering service and attendance to the highest (varṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• शूद्रकर्माणि (śūdrakarmāṇi) - duties of a śūdra, actions of a śūdra

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, whole, entire

• यथान्यायं (yathānyāyaṁ) - according to justice, properly, according to law

• यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, according to prescribed rites, properly

• शुश्रूषाम् (śuśrūṣām) - service, attendance, desire to hear

• परिचर्याम् (paricaryām) - attendance, service, worship

• च (ca) - and, also

• ज्येष्ठे (jyeṣṭhe) - to the eldest, to the highest, to the most excellent

• वर्णे (varṇe) - in the highest (social) class/order (in the class, in the order, in the color)

• प्रयत्नतः (prayatnataḥ) - with effort, diligently, strenuously

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should perform, should make

• अविमनाः (avimanāḥ) - without mental reservations or ill-will (without ill-will, cheerful, steady-minded, unperturbed)

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra

• सततं (satataṁ) - constantly, perpetually, always

• सत्पथे (satpathe) - on the virtuous path, on the right path

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, abiding, standing, steady

Words meanings and morphology

शूद्रकर्माणि (śūdrakarmāṇi) - duties of a śūdra, actions of a śūdra

(noun)

neuter, plural of śūdrakarman

śūdrakarman - duties of a śūdra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdra+karman)

• śūdra – a member of the fourth social class
  noun (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, whole, entire

(adjective)

neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

यथान्यायं (yathānyāyaṁ) - according to justice, properly, according to law

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• nyāya – justice, rule, method
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: i (class 2)

यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, according to prescribed rites, properly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, method, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

शुश्रूषाम् (śuśrūṣām) - service, attendance, desire to hear

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā

śuśrūṣā - service, attendance, obedience, desire to hear

Desiderative noun from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

परिचर्याम् (paricaryām) - attendance, service, worship

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paricaryā

paricaryā - attendance, service, worship

Derived from root car with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ज्येष्ठे (jyeṣṭhe) - to the eldest, to the highest, to the most excellent

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, principal, best

Superlative of 'vṛddha' (old)

Note: Agrees with 'varṇe'

वर्णे (varṇe) - in the highest (social) class/order (in the class, in the order, in the color)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of varṇa

varṇa - color, class, order, social division (varṇa)

Root: vṛ (class 9)

प्रयत्नतः (prayatnataḥ) - with effort, diligently, strenuously

(indeclinable)

Derived with the adverbial suffix -tas

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should perform, should make

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अविमनाः (avimanāḥ) - without mental reservations or ill-will (without ill-will, cheerful, steady-minded, unperturbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avimanas

avimanas - without ill-will, cheerful, steady-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+vimanas)

• a – not, non-, un- (negation prefix)
  prefix
• vimanas – agitated in mind, perplexed, dejected
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: man (class 4)

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth social class

सततं (satataṁ) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially

सत्पथे (satpathe) - on the virtuous path, on the right path

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of satpatha

satpatha - the right path, the path of the good/virtuous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+patha)

• sat – good, true, virtuous, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, abiding, standing, steady

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, abiding, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

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