महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-131, verse-37

धर्मदण्डो न निर्दण्डो धर्मकार्यानुशासकः ।
यन्त्रितः कार्यकरणे षड्भागकृतलक्षणः ॥३७॥

37. dharmadaṇḍo na nirdaṇḍo dharmakāryānuśāsakaḥ ,
yantritaḥ kāryakaraṇe ṣaḍbhāgakṛtalakṣaṇaḥ.

37. dharmadaṇḍaḥ na nirdaṇḍaḥ dharmakāryānuśāsakaḥ
yantritaḥ kāryakaraṇe ṣaḍbhāgakṛtalakṣaṇaḥ

37. He is one who administers punishment according to (natural law) (dharma), not one without authority; he is an instructor in (dharma)-related actions, self-controlled in performing his duties, and is characterized by taking a sixth part (as tax).

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मदण्डः (dharmadaṇḍaḥ) - one who governs by (natural law) (dharma), one whose rod (of punishment) is (dharma)

• न (na) - not, no

• निर्दण्डः (nirdaṇḍaḥ) - without authority (to punish) (without punishment, without authority, unarmed)

• धर्मकार्यानुशासकः (dharmakāryānuśāsakaḥ) - instructor in righteous activities, regulator of (dharma)-related duties

• यन्त्रितः (yantritaḥ) - self-controlled (controlled, restrained, regulated)

• कार्यकरणे (kāryakaraṇe) - in performing his (own) duties (in performing duties, in carrying out actions)

• षड्भागकृतलक्षणः (ṣaḍbhāgakṛtalakṣaṇaḥ) - one who has the characteristic of taking a sixth part (as tax)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मदण्डः (dharmadaṇḍaḥ) - one who governs by (natural law) (dharma), one whose rod (of punishment) is (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmadaṇḍa

dharmadaṇḍa - one who inflicts punishment according to (dharma), the rod of (dharma)

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+daṇḍa)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• daṇḍa – rod, stick, punishment, authority
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate for the implied subject (a king or righteous person).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates nirdaṇḍaḥ.

निर्दण्डः (nirdaṇḍaḥ) - without authority (to punish) (without punishment, without authority, unarmed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdaṇḍa

nirdaṇḍa - without a rod, without authority, unpunished, unarmed

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+daṇḍa)

• nis – out, without, free from
  indeclinable
• daṇḍa – rod, stick, punishment, authority
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate for the implied subject.

धर्मकार्यानुशासकः (dharmakāryānuśāsakaḥ) - instructor in righteous activities, regulator of (dharma)-related duties

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmakāryānuśāsaka

dharmakāryānuśāsaka - one who instructs/governs in actions pertaining to (dharma)

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+kārya+anuśāsaka)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kārya – action, duty, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
  From √kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• anuśāsaka – instructor, disciplinarian, ruler, director
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From anu-√śās.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Predicate for the implied subject.

यन्त्रितः (yantritaḥ) - self-controlled (controlled, restrained, regulated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yantrita

yantrita - restrained, controlled, regulated, bridled

Past Passive Participle

From √yam.

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Predicate for the implied subject.

कार्यकरणे (kāryakaraṇe) - in performing his (own) duties (in performing duties, in carrying out actions)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāryakaraṇa

kāryakaraṇa - performing duties, carrying out actions

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kārya+karaṇa)

• kārya – action, duty, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
  From √kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• karaṇa – doing, making, action, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies yantritaḥ.

षड्भागकृतलक्षणः (ṣaḍbhāgakṛtalakṣaṇaḥ) - one who has the characteristic of taking a sixth part (as tax)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṣaḍbhāgakṛtalakṣaṇa

ṣaḍbhāgakṛtalakṣaṇa - one whose characteristic (lakṣaṇa) is that a sixth part (ṣaḍbhāga) is made/taken (kṛta)

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ṣaṣṭha+bhāga+kṛta+lakṣaṇa)

• ṣaṣṭha – sixth
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from ṣaṭ (six).
• bhāga – part, share, portion
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhaj.
  Root: bhaj (class 1)
• kṛta – done, made, performed, taken
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic, definition
  noun (neuter)
  From √lakṣ.
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Predicate for the implied subject.