महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-131, verse-11

स द्विजो वैश्यतामेति वैश्यो वा शूद्रतामियात् ।
स्वधर्मात्प्रच्युतो विप्रस्ततः शूद्रत्वमाप्नुते ॥११॥

11. sa dvijo vaiśyatāmeti vaiśyo vā śūdratāmiyāt ,
svadharmātpracyuto viprastataḥ śūdratvamāpnute.

11. sa dvijaḥ vaiśyatām eti vaiśyaḥ vā śūdratām iyāt
svadharmāt pracyutaḥ vipraḥ tataḥ śūdratvam āpnute

11. That twice-born (dvija) attains the state of a vaiśya, or a vaiśya may attain the state of a śūdra. A brāhmaṇa (vipra) who has fallen from his own intrinsic nature (dharma) then attains the state of a śūdra.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - That (brāhmaṇa) (he, that)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brāhmaṇa (twice-born, brāhmaṇa, bird, tooth)

• वैश्यताम् (vaiśyatām) - the state of a vaiśya

• एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains)

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the vaiśya class (merchant, farmer)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• शूद्रताम् (śūdratām) - the state of a śūdra

• इयात् (iyāt) - may attain (may go, may attain)

• स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from his own intrinsic nature (from one's own intrinsic nature, from one's own duty)

• प्रच्युतः (pracyutaḥ) - fallen from (fallen, deviated, deprived of)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a brāhmaṇa (a brāhmaṇa, sage, inspired one)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (thence, then, therefore)

• शूद्रत्वम् (śūdratvam) - the state of a śūdra

• आप्नुते (āpnute) - attains (obtains, reaches, attains)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - That (brāhmaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine nominative singular of 'tad'

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brāhmaṇa (twice-born, brāhmaṇa, bird, tooth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, brāhmaṇa, bird, tooth

Derived from dvi (two) + ja (born). Refers to members of the three upper varṇas (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya) who undergo upanayana, or to creatures born a second time (e.g., birds from egg, tooth from gum).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  suffix
  Agent noun suffix -ja from root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

वैश्यताम् (vaiśyatām) - the state of a vaiśya

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaiśyatā

vaiśyatā - the state or condition of a vaiśya

Derived from vaiśya + suffix -tā (feminine abstract noun)

एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Root: i (class 2)

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the vaiśya class (merchant, farmer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the vaiśya class

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

शूद्रताम् (śūdratām) - the state of a śūdra

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śūdratā

śūdratā - the state or condition of a śūdra

Derived from śūdra + suffix -tā (feminine abstract noun)

इयात् (iyāt) - may attain (may go, may attain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of i

Root: i (class 2)

स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from his own intrinsic nature (from one's own intrinsic nature, from one's own duty)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own intrinsic nature, one's own duty, one's own law

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'dharma' (nature, duty, law).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रच्युतः (pracyutaḥ) - fallen from (fallen, deviated, deprived of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pracyuta

pracyuta - fallen, deviated, deprived of

Past Passive Participle

Prefix 'pra' + root 'cyu' (to move, fall) + suffix 'kta'

Prefix: pra

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vipraḥ'

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a brāhmaṇa (a brāhmaṇa, sage, inspired one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brāhmaṇa, sage, inspired one

Note: Synonym for brāhmaṇa

ततः (tataḥ) - then (thence, then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time

शूद्रत्वम् (śūdratvam) - the state of a śūdra

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūdratva

śūdratva - the state or condition of a śūdra

Derived from śūdra + suffix -tva (neuter abstract noun)

आप्नुते (āpnute) - attains (obtains, reaches, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of āp

Root: āp (class 5)