महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-44

शिष्टाचारश्च शिष्टश्च धर्मो धर्मभृतां वर ।
सेवितव्यो नरव्याघ्र प्रेत्य चेह सुखार्थिना ॥४४॥

44. śiṣṭācāraśca śiṣṭaśca dharmo dharmabhṛtāṁ vara ,
sevitavyo naravyāghra pretya ceha sukhārthinā.

44. śiṣṭācāraḥ ca śiṣṭaḥ ca dharmaḥ dharmabhṛtām vara
sevitavyaḥ naravyāghra pretya ca iha sukhārthinā

44. dharmabhṛtām vara naravyāghra śiṣṭācāraḥ ca śiṣṭaḥ
ca dharmaḥ pretya ca iha sukhārthinā sevitavyaḥ

44. O best among the upholders of natural law (dharma), O tiger among men (naravyāghra), both the virtuous conduct and the virtuous person himself are to be followed by one who desires happiness (sukha) both in this world and after death.

Words meanings summery:

• शिष्टाचारः (śiṣṭācāraḥ) - conduct of the virtuous, polite behavior, good custom

• च (ca) - and, also

• शिष्टः (śiṣṭaḥ) - virtuous person, learned person, disciplined individual

• च (ca) - and, also

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

• धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of the upholders of dharma, of those who maintain righteousness

• वर (vara) - O best (of those who uphold dharma) (O best, O excellent one, O boon)

• सेवितव्यः (sevitavyaḥ) - to be served, to be honored, to be practiced, to be followed

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, having died, in the next world

• च (ca) - and, also

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• सुखार्थिना (sukhārthinā) - by one who desires happiness, by a seeker of happiness

Words meanings and morphology

शिष्टाचारः (śiṣṭācāraḥ) - conduct of the virtuous, polite behavior, good custom

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣṭācāra

śiṣṭācāra - conduct of the virtuous, polite behavior, good custom, traditional observance

Compound of śiṣṭa (virtuous) + ācāra (conduct)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śiṣṭa+ācāra)

• śiṣṭa – virtuous, learned, disciplined, polite, taught
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √śiṣ (to teach, discipline) + kta suffix
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• ācāra – conduct, custom, behavior, usage
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ā-√car (to move, behave) + ghañ suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of `sevitavyaḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `śiṣṭācāraḥ` and `śiṣṭaḥ`.

शिष्टः (śiṣṭaḥ) - virtuous person, learned person, disciplined individual

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣṭa

śiṣṭa - virtuous, learned, disciplined, polite, taught; a virtuous person, learned man

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √śiṣ (to teach, discipline) + kta suffix

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: One of the subjects of `sevitavyaḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `śiṣṭaḥ` and `dharmaḥ`.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion, justice, truth

Derived from √dhṛ (to hold, support) + manin suffix

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of `sevitavyaḥ`.

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of the upholders of dharma, of those who maintain righteousness

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmabhṛt

dharmabhṛt - upholder of dharma, righteous person, one who supports virtue

Compound of dharma (dharma) + bhṛt (bearing, holding). Derived from √bhṛ (to bear, hold) + kvip suffix

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharma+bhṛt)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion, justice, truth
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √dhṛ (to hold, support) + manin suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• bhṛt – bearing, holding, maintaining, nourishing; one who bears/holds
  participle (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Primary Nominal Derivative
  Derived from √bhṛ (to bear, hold) + kvip suffix
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Part of the vocative phrase `dharmabhṛtām vara`.

वर (vara) - O best (of those who uphold dharma) (O best, O excellent one, O boon)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent; a boon, a choice

Derived from √vṛ (to choose, wish)

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: A title for address.

सेवितव्यः (sevitavyaḥ) - to be served, to be honored, to be practiced, to be followed

(gerundive)

Note: The objects (śiṣṭācāraḥ, śiṣṭaḥ, dharmaḥ) are in nominative, typical for gerundives.

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, pre-eminent man

Compound of nara (man) + vyāghra (tiger), a type of comparison compound (upamita-samāsa)

Compound type : upamita-samāsa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: A title for address.

प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, having died, in the next world

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from pra-√i (to go, die) + lyap suffix (after upasarga)

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates action preceding the main verb.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `pretya` and `iha`.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to this world.

सुखार्थिना (sukhārthinā) - by one who desires happiness, by a seeker of happiness

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sukhārthin

sukhārthin - desiring happiness, seeking happiness, seeker of joy

Compound of sukha (happiness) + arthin (desiring). Derived from √arth (to seek, desire) + ṇini suffix

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sukha+arthin)

• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort, ease
  noun (neuter)
• arthin – desiring, seeking, supplicant, suitor
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from √arth (to seek, desire) + ṇini suffix
  Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Agent of the passive gerundive `sevitavyaḥ`.