महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-10

गोसहस्रं सवत्सानां दोग्ध्रीणां प्राणसंशये ।
साधुभ्यो वै दरिद्रेभ्यो दत्त्वा मुच्येत किल्बिषात् ॥१०॥

10. gosahasraṁ savatsānāṁ dogdhrīṇāṁ prāṇasaṁśaye ,
sādhubhyo vai daridrebhyo dattvā mucyeta kilbiṣāt.

10. gosahasram savatsānām dogdhrīṇām prāṇasaṃśaye
sādhubhyaḥ vai daridrebhyaḥ dattvā mucyeta kilbiṣāt

10. prāṇasaṃśaye savatsānām dogdhrīṇām gosahasram
sādhubhyaḥ daridrebhyaḥ vai dattvā mucyeta kilbiṣāt

10. By donating a thousand milk-giving cows, along with their calves, to virtuous and poor people when life is in danger, one would surely be liberated from sin.

Words meanings summery:

• गोसहस्रम् (gosahasram) - a thousand cows

• सवत्सानाम् (savatsānām) - along with their calves (with calves, having calves)

• दोग्ध्रीणाम् (dogdhrīṇām) - of milk-giving cows (of milk-giving (cows), of milking (cows))

• प्राणसंशये (prāṇasaṁśaye) - when life is in danger (in danger of life, when life is critical)

• साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) - to virtuous people (to the good, to the virtuous)

• वै (vai) - surely (indeed, surely, certainly)

• दरिद्रेभ्यः (daridrebhyaḥ) - to poor people (to the poor, to the needy)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - by donating (having given, by giving)

• मुच्येत (mucyeta) - would be liberated (would be freed, should be freed, would be liberated)

• किल्बिषात् (kilbiṣāt) - from sin (from sin, from fault, from guilt)

Words meanings and morphology

गोसहस्रम् (gosahasram) - a thousand cows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gosahasra

gosahasra - a thousand cows

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+sahasra)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• sahasra – a thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'dattvā'.

सवत्सानाम् (savatsānām) - along with their calves (with calves, having calves)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of savatsa

savatsa - having a calf, with its calf

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'sa' (with) + 'vatsa' (calf)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+vatsa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vatsa – calf, offspring
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dogdhrīṇām' which implies 'cows'.

दोग्ध्रीणाम् (dogdhrīṇām) - of milk-giving cows (of milk-giving (cows), of milking (cows))

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of dogdhrī

dogdhrī - a milk-giving cow, a milker

Feminine agent noun from root 'duh' (to milk)

Root: duh (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'gosahasram' implicitly as 'thousand of milk-giving cows'.

प्राणसंशये (prāṇasaṁśaye) - when life is in danger (in danger of life, when life is critical)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāṇasaṃśaya

prāṇasaṁśaya - danger to life, risk of life

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+saṃśaya)

• prāṇa – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: prāṇ
• saṃśaya – doubt, uncertainty, danger
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śī

Note: Adverbial usage.

साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) - to virtuous people (to the good, to the virtuous)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, upright, saintly

Root: sādh

Note: Recipient of the donation.

वै (vai) - surely (indeed, surely, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis

दरिद्रेभ्यः (daridrebhyaḥ) - to poor people (to the poor, to the needy)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of daridra

daridra - poor, needy, indigent

From root 'daridrā' (to be poor)

Root: daridrā

Note: Recipient of the donation, parallel to 'sādhubhyaḥ'.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - by donating (having given, by giving)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

मुच्येत (mucyeta) - would be liberated (would be freed, should be freed, would be liberated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, potential mood (vidhiliṅ) of muc

Potential Mood, Third Person Singular, Passive Voice, Ātmanepada

Root: muc (class 6)

किल्बिषात् (kilbiṣāt) - from sin (from sin, from fault, from guilt)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - sin, guilt, fault

Note: Indicates separation from sin.