महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-26

भजने ह्यृतुना शुद्धं चातुर्मास्यं विधीयते ।
स्त्रियस्तेन विशुध्यन्ति इति धर्मविदो विदुः ॥२६॥

26. bhajane hyṛtunā śuddhaṁ cāturmāsyaṁ vidhīyate ,
striyastena viśudhyanti iti dharmavido viduḥ.

26. bhajane hi ṛtunā śuddham cāturmāsyam vidhīyate
striyaḥ tena viśudhyanti iti dharmavidaḥ viduḥ

26. hi bhajane ṛtunā śuddham cāturmāsyam vidhīyate
tena striyaḥ viśudhyanti iti dharmavidaḥ viduḥ

26. Indeed, for devotional practices, the pure Cāturmāsya (observance) is prescribed by means of the menstrual cycle. Through this, women become purified; thus, say the knowers of (natural) law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• भजने (bhajane) - in devotional practices or worship (in devotion, in worship, in service, in adoration)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• ऋतुना (ṛtunā) - by means of the menstrual cycle/period (by season, by menstruation, by the proper time)

• शुद्धम् (śuddham) - pure, purified (pure, clean, purified, unblemished)

• चातुर्मास्यम् (cāturmāsyam) - the Cāturmāsya observance (a specific religious vow/period) (the four-month period, the four-month observance/vow)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed/ordained (is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is performed)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women (women, females)

• तेन (tena) - by this (the menstrual cycle) (by him, by that, with him, with that)

• विशुध्यन्ति (viśudhyanti) - they (women) become purified (they become pure, they are purified)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (thus, in this way, so)

• धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of (natural) law (dharma) (knowers of dharma, those who know law/righteousness)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know/understand (they know, they understand)

Words meanings and morphology

भजने (bhajane) - in devotional practices or worship (in devotion, in worship, in service, in adoration)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhajana

bhajana - devotion, worship, service, adoration, participation

From root bhaj (to worship, serve, partake) + ana (noun suffix).

Root: bhaj (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

ऋतुना (ṛtunā) - by means of the menstrual cycle/period (by season, by menstruation, by the proper time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ṛtu

ṛtu - season, fixed time, menstruation

शुद्धम् (śuddham) - pure, purified (pure, clean, purified, unblemished)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, purified, unblemished, clear

Past Passive Participle

From root śudh (to be pure, to clean) + kta suffix.

Root: śudh (class 4)

चातुर्मास्यम् (cāturmāsyam) - the Cāturmāsya observance (a specific religious vow/period) (the four-month period, the four-month observance/vow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cāturmāsya

cāturmāsya - pertaining to four months, a period of four months, a four-month observance or sacrifice

Derived from catur (four) + māsa (month).

Compound type : tatpurusha (catur+māsa)

• catur – four
  numeral
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed/ordained (is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Present tense, passive voice

3rd person singular, present, passive. From vi (upasarga) + dhā (root).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women (women, females)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

Feminine nominative plural.

तेन (tena) - by this (the menstrual cycle) (by him, by that, with him, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विशुध्यन्ति (viśudhyanti) - they (women) become purified (they become pure, they are purified)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of viśudh

Present tense, middle voice

3rd person plural, present, middle voice (ātmanepada). From vi (upasarga) + śudh (root).

Prefix: vi

Root: śudh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so (thus, in this way, so)

(indeclinable)

धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of (natural) law (dharma) (knowers of dharma, those who know law/righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmavid

dharmavid - knower of (natural) law (dharma), one who understands righteousness

Compound noun, derived from `dharma` and `vid` (knower).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know/understand (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, active voice (or perfect, etc.)

3rd person plural, present, active, class 2 verb.

Root: vid (class 2)