महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-28

चतुष्पात्सकलो धर्मो ब्राह्मणानां विधीयते ।
पादावकृष्टो राजन्ये तथा धर्मो विधीयते ॥२८॥

28. catuṣpātsakalo dharmo brāhmaṇānāṁ vidhīyate ,
pādāvakṛṣṭo rājanye tathā dharmo vidhīyate.

28. catuṣpāt sakalaḥ dharmaḥ brāhmaṇānām vidhīyate
pādāvakṛṣṭaḥ rājanye tathā dharmaḥ vidhīyate

28. sakalaḥ catuṣpāt dharmaḥ brāhmaṇānām vidhīyate
tathā rājanye dharmaḥ pādāvakṛṣṭaḥ vidhīyate

28. The complete, four-footed (natural) law (dharma) is prescribed for Brahmins. Similarly, for the Kṣatriyas, the (natural) law (dharma) is prescribed as diminished by one quarter.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुष्पात् (catuṣpāt) - four-footed, implying completeness or perfection (four-footed, complete (metaphorically))

• सकलः (sakalaḥ) - complete, whole (entire, whole, complete, all)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue)

• ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - for Brahmins (genitive of purpose or possession) (of Brahmins, belonging to Brahmins)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed/ordained (is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is performed)

• पादावकृष्टः (pādāvakṛṣṭaḥ) - diminished by one quarter, reduced (diminished by a quarter, having one foot drawn back, incomplete)

• राजन्ये (rājanye) - for the Kṣatriyas (locative of scope/relation) (in a king, in a Kṣatriya, among kings/Kṣatriyas)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, likewise, thus, so)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed/ordained (is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is performed)

Words meanings and morphology

चतुष्पात् (catuṣpāt) - four-footed, implying completeness or perfection (four-footed, complete (metaphorically))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of catuṣpād

catuṣpād - four-footed, quadruped; (metaphorically) complete, perfect

Compound of catur (four) and pād (foot). Nominative singular masculine.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (catur+pād)

• catur – four
  numeral
• pād – foot, quarter, part
  noun (masculine)

सकलः (sakalaḥ) - complete, whole (entire, whole, complete, all)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakala

sakala - entire, whole, complete, all

From sa (with) + kala (part).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kala)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable (prefix)
• kala – part, portion
  noun (masculine)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, social order

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - for Brahmins (genitive of purpose or possession) (of Brahmins, belonging to Brahmins)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class), relating to Brahman

From brahman (Vedic text, ultimate reality) + aṇa suffix.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed/ordained (is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Present tense, passive voice

3rd person singular, present, passive. From vi (upasarga) + dhā (root).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

पादावकृष्टः (pādāvakṛṣṭaḥ) - diminished by one quarter, reduced (diminished by a quarter, having one foot drawn back, incomplete)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pādāvakṛṣṭa

pādāvakṛṣṭa - diminished by a quarter, having one foot drawn back, incomplete

Past Passive Participle

Compound: pād (foot, quarter) + ava-kṛṣṭa (drawn back, pulled down, diminished). Ava-kṛṣṭa is from ava (upasarga) + kṛṣ (to draw) + kta suffix.

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāda+avakṛṣṭa)

• pāda – foot, quarter, part
  noun (masculine)
• avakṛṣṭa – drawn back, pulled down, diminished, inferior
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ava (prefix) + root kṛṣ (to draw) + kta suffix.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

राजन्ये (rājanye) - for the Kṣatriyas (locative of scope/relation) (in a king, in a Kṣatriya, among kings/Kṣatriyas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājanya

rājanya - princely, royal; a Kṣatriya (member of the warrior/ruling class)

Derived from rājan (king) + ya suffix.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, likewise, thus, so)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + thā suffix.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, social order

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed/ordained (is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Present tense, passive voice

3rd person singular, present, passive. From vi (upasarga) + dhā (root).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)