महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-12

मनोरथं तु यो दद्यादेकस्मा अपि भारत ।
न कीर्तयेत दत्त्वा यः स च पापात्प्रमुच्यते ॥१२॥

12. manorathaṁ tu yo dadyādekasmā api bhārata ,
na kīrtayeta dattvā yaḥ sa ca pāpātpramucyate.

12. manoratham tu yaḥ dadyāt ekasmā api bhārata na
kīrtayeta dattvā yaḥ saḥ ca pāpāt pramucyate

12. bhārata yaḥ tu ekasmā api manoratham dadyāt
yaḥ dattvā na kīrtayeta saḥ ca pāpāt pramucyate

12. O Bhārata, one who gives a desired object (manoratha) to even a single person and does not boast about it after donating, is liberated from sin (pāpa).

Words meanings summery:

• मनोरथम् (manoratham) - a desired object (manoratha) (a wish, a desire, a desired object)

• तु (tu) - (emphatic particle) (but, and, indeed)

• यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, whoever)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - gives, donates (might give, should give, would give)

• एकस्मा (ekasmā) - to even a single person (to one, for one)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing a king) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कीर्तयेत (kīrtayeta) - should boast about, should proclaim (should praise, should mention, should proclaim, should make known)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - after donating (having given, by giving)

• यः (yaḥ) - (second relative pronoun referring to the same person) (who, whoever)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that one)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin (pāpa) (from sin, from evil)

• प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is liberated (is freed, is liberated)

Words meanings and morphology

मनोरथम् (manoratham) - a desired object (manoratha) (a wish, a desire, a desired object)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manoratha

manoratha - wish, desire, object of desire

Tatpurusha compound 'manas' (mind) + 'ratha' (chariot/desire)

Compound type : tatpurusha (manas+ratha)

• manas – mind, intellect, desire
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man
• ratha – car, chariot, desire
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ram' (to delight)
  Root: ram

Note: Object of 'dadyāt'.

तु (tu) - (emphatic particle) (but, and, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for contrast or emphasis

यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - gives, donates (might give, should give, would give)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, potential mood (vidhiliṅ) of dā

Potential Mood, Third Person Singular, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

Root: dā (class 3)

एकस्मा (ekasmā) - to even a single person (to one, for one)

(numeral)

Note: Recipient of the gift.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing a king) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a native of India

Vocative case, often used to address a king or prominent figure in the Mahābhārata

Root: bhṛ

Note: Direct address.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates the verb 'kīrtayeta'.

कीर्तयेत (kīrtayeta) - should boast about, should proclaim (should praise, should mention, should proclaim, should make known)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, potential mood (vidhiliṅ) of kīrt

Potential Mood, Third Person Singular, Active Voice, Ātmanepada, Causative verb from root 'kṛt'

Root: kṛt (class 6)

Note: Potential passive form of causative.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - after donating (having given, by giving)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

यः (yaḥ) - (second relative pronoun referring to the same person) (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Second subject in the relative clause.

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yaḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin (pāpa) (from sin, from evil)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wrong

Note: Indicates separation from sin.

प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is liberated (is freed, is liberated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present Tense, Third Person Singular, Passive Voice, Ātmanepada

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: From root 'muc' with 'pra' prefix.