महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-23

स्तेयं तु यस्यापहरेत्तस्मै दद्यात्समं वसु ।
विविधेनाभ्युपायेन तेन मुच्येत किल्बिषात् ॥२३॥

23. steyaṁ tu yasyāpaharettasmai dadyātsamaṁ vasu ,
vividhenābhyupāyena tena mucyeta kilbiṣāt.

23. steyam tu yasya apaharet tasmai dadyāt samam
vasu vividhena abhyupāyena tena mucyeta kilbiṣāt

23. steyam tu yasya apaharet tasmai samam vasu dadyāt
vividhena abhyupāyena tena kilbiṣāt mucyeta

23. Indeed, concerning theft, one should return wealth of equal value to the person from whom it was stolen. By various (other) means, one would thereby be freed from sin.

Words meanings summery:

• स्तेयम् (steyam) - the act of stealing, the crime of theft (theft, robbery)

• तु (tu) - indeed, for (emphasis) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• यस्य (yasya) - from whom (referring to the victim of theft) (whose, of which, from whom)

• अपहरेत् (apaharet) - he may have stolen (implying the action that has occurred) (he should take away, he should steal)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to that person (the victim) (to him, for him)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should return (as compensation) (he should give, he would give)

• समम् (samam) - an equivalent amount or value (equal, similar, even)

• वसु (vasu) - property or possessions (wealth, property, goods)

• विविधेन (vividhena) - by various additional (means of penance or atonement) (by various, of many kinds)

• अभ्युपायेन (abhyupāyena) - by various ways (of expiation) (by means, by methods, by expedients)

• तेन (tena) - by those (means, referring to the preceding `vividhena abhyupāyena`) (by that, by him, thereby)

• मुच्येत (mucyeta) - he would be absolved (he would be freed, he should be freed)

• किल्बिषात् (kilbiṣāt) - from the impurity of his sin (from sin, from fault)

Words meanings and morphology

स्तेयम् (steyam) - the act of stealing, the crime of theft (theft, robbery)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of steya

steya - theft, robbery

From `stena` (thief) or `√stī/styai` (to steal).

Note: Accusative of topic 'concerning theft'.

तु (tu) - indeed, for (emphasis) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

यस्य (yasya) - from whom (referring to the victim of theft) (whose, of which, from whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Genitive indicating the source of the theft or the possessor of the stolen item.

अपहरेत् (apaharet) - he may have stolen (implying the action that has occurred) (he should take away, he should steal)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of hṛ

optative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. From `apa-√hṛ`.

Prefix: apa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the action of stealing.

तस्मै (tasmai) - to that person (the victim) (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Indicates the recipient of the returned wealth.

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should return (as compensation) (he should give, he would give)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of dā

optative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. From `√dā` (class 3).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Prescriptive.

समम् (samam) - an equivalent amount or value (equal, similar, even)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - same, equal, similar, even, all

Note: Agrees with `vasu`.

वसु (vasu) - property or possessions (wealth, property, goods)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vasu

vasu - wealth, property, goods, treasure, excellent, good

Note: Object of `dadyāt`.

विविधेन (vividhena) - by various additional (means of penance or atonement) (by various, of many kinds)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Note: Agrees with `abhyupāyena`.

अभ्युपायेन (abhyupāyena) - by various ways (of expiation) (by means, by methods, by expedients)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhyupāya

abhyupāya - means, method, expedient, approach

From `abhi-upa-√i` (to go towards) + `ghañ` suffix.

Prefixes: abhi+upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Means by which freedom from sin is achieved.

तेन (tena) - by those (means, referring to the preceding `vividhena abhyupāyena`) (by that, by him, thereby)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers back to the means (`abhyupāyena`).

मुच्येत (mucyeta) - he would be absolved (he would be freed, he should be freed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhi liṅ) of muc

optative

3rd person singular, ātmanepada (passive form)

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: The subject is implied.

किल्बिषात् (kilbiṣāt) - from the impurity of his sin (from sin, from fault)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - sin, fault, transgression

Note: Expresses separation from `mucyeta`.