महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-4

षड्भिर्वर्षैः कृच्छ्रभोजी ब्रह्महा पूयते नरः ।
मासे मासे समश्नंस्तु त्रिभिर्वर्षैः प्रमुच्यते ॥४॥

4. ṣaḍbhirvarṣaiḥ kṛcchrabhojī brahmahā pūyate naraḥ ,
māse māse samaśnaṁstu tribhirvarṣaiḥ pramucyate.

4. ṣaḍbhiḥ varṣaiḥ kṛcchra-bhojī brahmahā pūyate naraḥ
māse māse sam aśnan tu tribhiḥ varṣaiḥ pramucyate

4. naraḥ brahmahā kṛcchra-bhojī ṣaḍbhiḥ varṣaiḥ pūyate
tu māse māse sam aśnan tribhiḥ varṣaiḥ pramucyate

4. A man, a killer of a Brahmin (brahmahā), is purified by six years of eating with difficulty. But by eating [only once] month by month, he is completely freed by three years.

Words meanings summery:

• षड्भिः (ṣaḍbhiḥ) - by six

• वर्षैः (varṣaiḥ) - by years

• कृच्छ्र-भोजी (kṛcchra-bhojī) - eating with difficulty, observing a difficult diet

• ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - a killer of a Brahmin (brahmahā)

• पूयते (pūyate) - is purified, becomes pure

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man

• मासे (māse) - month by month (in the month, monthly)

• मासे (māse) - month by month (in the month, monthly)

• सम् अश्नन् (sam aśnan) - eating (once) at stated intervals (month by month) (eating together, eating completely, consuming)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

• वर्षैः (varṣaiḥ) - by years

• प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is completely freed, is released

Words meanings and morphology

षड्भिः (ṣaḍbhiḥ) - by six

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `varṣaiḥ`.

वर्षैः (varṣaiḥ) - by years

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - Year, rain, cloud

From root `vṛṣ` (to rain).

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

कृच्छ्र-भोजी (kṛcchra-bhojī) - eating with difficulty, observing a difficult diet

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛcchra-bhojin

kṛcchra-bhojin - One who eats with difficulty, eating a difficult penance, observing a difficult diet

Compound of `kṛcchra` (difficulty, penance) and `bhojin` (eating, enjoying).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛcchra+bhojin)

• kṛcchra – Difficulty, trouble, penance, severe
  noun/adjective (neuter)
• bhojin – Eating, enjoying, consumer
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From root `bhuj` (to eat, enjoy) + suffix `-in`.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `naraḥ` and `brahmahā`.

ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - a killer of a Brahmin (brahmahā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmahan

brahmahan - Killer of a Brahmin, Brahmana-slayer (brahmahā)

Compound of `brahman` (Brahmin, sacred knowledge) and `han` (killer).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (brahman+han)

• brahman – Brahmin, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter/masculine)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• han – Slayer, killer
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `han` (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject of `pūyate`.

पूयते (pūyate) - is purified, becomes pure

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of pū

Present middle/passive

Third person singular, present middle/passive indicative of root `pū` (class 1, 9). Here it implies passive sense 'is purified'.

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Semantically passive.

नरः (naraḥ) - a man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - Man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of `pūyate`.

मासे (māse) - month by month (in the month, monthly)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - Month, moon

Derived from `mās` (moon).

Note: Used adverbially.

मासे (māse) - month by month (in the month, monthly)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - Month, moon

Derived from `mās` (moon).

Note: Used adverbially.

सम् अश्नन् (sam aśnan) - eating (once) at stated intervals (month by month) (eating together, eating completely, consuming)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sam aśnat

sam aśnat - Eating, consuming, enjoying

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root `aś` (to eat, consume) with prefix `sam-`.

Prefix: sam

Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `naraḥ`.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `varṣaiḥ`.

वर्षैः (varṣaiḥ) - by years

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - Year, rain, cloud

From root `vṛṣ` (to rain).

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is completely freed, is released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of pramuc

Present passive

Third person singular, present passive indicative of root `muc` (to release) with prefix `pra-`.

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)