महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-40

भक्ष्याभक्ष्येषु सर्वेषु वाच्यावाच्ये तथैव च ।
अज्ञानज्ञानयो राजन्विहितान्यनुजानते ॥४०॥

40. bhakṣyābhakṣyeṣu sarveṣu vācyāvācye tathaiva ca ,
ajñānajñānayo rājanvihitānyanujānate.

40. bhakṣyābhakṣyeṣu sarveṣu vācyāvācye tathaiva
ca ajñānajñānayoḥ rājan vihitāni anujānate

40. rājan sarveṣu bhakṣyābhakṣyeṣu vācyāvācye
tathaiva ca ajñānajñānayoḥ vihitāni anujānate

40. O King, concerning all that is eatable and uneatable, speakable and unspeakable, and concerning matters of ignorance and knowledge, (the wise) acknowledge what is prescribed (by natural law/scriptures).

Words meanings summery:

• भक्ष्याभक्ष्येषु (bhakṣyābhakṣyeṣu) - regarding eatable and uneatable things

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, concerning all

• वाच्यावाच्ये (vācyāvācye) - concerning speakable and unspeakable things

• तथैव (tathaiva) - and similarly, just so

• च (ca) - and, also

• अज्ञानज्ञानयोः (ajñānajñānayoḥ) - concerning ignorance and knowledge

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• विहितानि (vihitāni) - prescribed, enjoined, ordained

• अनुजानते (anujānate) - they acknowledge, they permit, they assent to

Words meanings and morphology

भक्ष्याभक्ष्येषु (bhakṣyābhakṣyeṣu) - regarding eatable and uneatable things

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhakṣyābhakṣya

bhakṣyābhakṣya - eatable and uneatable

Dvandva compound of 'bhakṣya' (eatable) and 'abhakṣya' (uneatable).

Compound type : dvandva (bhakṣya+abhakṣya)

• bhakṣya – eatable, fit to be eaten
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive (future passive participle)
  root 'bhakṣ' (to eat) + suffix '-ya'
  Root: bhakṣ (class 1)
• abhakṣya – uneatable, unfit to be eaten
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive (future passive participle)
  negative prefix 'a-' + 'bhakṣya'
  Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to categories or instances.

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, concerning all

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies 'bhakṣyābhakṣyeṣu'.

वाच्यावाच्ये (vācyāvācye) - concerning speakable and unspeakable things

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of vācyāvācya

vācyāvācya - speakable and unspeakable

Dvandva compound of 'vācya' (speakable) and 'avācya' (unspeakable).

Compound type : dvandva (vācya+avācya)

• vācya – speakable, to be spoken
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive (future passive participle)
  root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix '-ya'
  Root: vac (class 2)
• avācya – unspeakable, not to be spoken
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive (future passive participle)
  negative prefix 'a-' + 'vācya'
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to categories or instances.

तथैव (tathaiva) - and similarly, just so

(indeclinable)

from 'tathā' (thus) + 'eva' (only, indeed)

Note: Connects the list of categories.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of categories.

अज्ञानज्ञानयोः (ajñānajñānayoḥ) - concerning ignorance and knowledge

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of ajñānajñāna

ajñānajñāna - ignorance and knowledge

Dvandva compound of 'ajñāna' (ignorance) and 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : dvandva (ajñāna+jñāna)

• ajñāna – ignorance, nescience
  noun (neuter)
  negative prefix 'a-' + 'jñāna'
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  from root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to categories or instances.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Direct address.

विहितानि (vihitāni) - prescribed, enjoined, ordained

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vihita

vihita - prescribed, enjoined, arranged, performed

Past Passive Participle

prefix 'vi-' + root 'dhā' (to place, put)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of 'anujānate'.

अनुजानते (anujānate) - they acknowledge, they permit, they assent to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of anujñā

prefix 'anu-' + root 'jñā' (to know)

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The implied subject is "the wise" or "those who know (dharma)".