महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-41

जानता तु कृतं पापं गुरु सर्वं भवत्युत ।
अज्ञानात्स्खलिते दोषे प्रायश्चित्तं विधीयते ॥४१॥

41. jānatā tu kṛtaṁ pāpaṁ guru sarvaṁ bhavatyuta ,
ajñānātskhalite doṣe prāyaścittaṁ vidhīyate.

41. jānatā tu kṛtam pāpam guru sarvam bhavati uta
ajñānāt skhalite doṣe prāyaścittam vidhīyate

41. jānatā kṛtam pāpam tu sarvam guru bhavati uta
ajñānāt skhalite doṣe prāyaścittam vidhīyate

41. However, a sin (pāpam) committed knowingly becomes entirely grave. But for a fault that occurs out of ignorance, atonement (prāyaścitta) is prescribed.

Words meanings summery:

• जानता (jānatā) - by one who knows, knowingly, by the knower

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made, committed

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wrong, demerit, offense

• गुरु (guru) - heavy, weighty, serious, important, revered, teacher

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole, every

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists, happens

• उत (uta) - Emphasizes the gravity, 'indeed' or 'certainly' (and, also, moreover, or)

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, out of ignorance

• स्खलिते (skhalite) - in a fault, in an error, in a stumble

• दोषे (doṣe) - in a fault, in an offense, in a defect, in a mistake

• प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - atonement, expiation, penance

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is laid down

Words meanings and morphology

जानता (jānatā) - by one who knows, knowingly, by the knower

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, understanding

Present Active Participle

Derived from √jñā (to know) + śatṛ suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made, committed

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created, committed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √kṛ (to do, make) + kta suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with pāpam

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wrong, demerit, offense

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked, sin, demerit

गुरु (guru) - heavy, weighty, serious, important, revered, teacher

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of guru

guru - heavy, weighty, serious, important, respected, spiritual teacher

Note: Agrees with pāpam (neuter, singular, nominative)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with pāpam and guru (neuter, singular, nominative)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Present Indicative, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - Emphasizes the gravity, 'indeed' or 'certainly' (and, also, moreover, or)

(indeclinable)

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, out of ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, want of knowledge

Negative compound (na + jñāna)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, cognition
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √jñā (to know) + lyuṭ suffix
  Root: jñā (class 9)

स्खलिते (skhalite) - in a fault, in an error, in a stumble

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of skhalita

skhalita - stumbled, erred, failed, faulty, erroneous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √skhal (to stumble, err) + kta suffix

Root: skhal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with doṣe

दोषे (doṣe) - in a fault, in an offense, in a defect, in a mistake

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, offense, sin, error

प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - atonement, expiation, penance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāyaścitta

prāyaścitta - atonement, expiation, penance for a sin

Note: Subject of the passive verb `vidhīyate`

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is ordained, is enjoined, is laid down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vidhā

Present Indicative, 3rd person singular, Passive voice

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Compound with upasarga 'vi-'