महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-36, verse-24

कृच्छ्राद्द्वादशरात्रेण स्वभ्यस्तेन दशावरम् ।
परिवेत्ता भवेत्पूतः परिवित्तिश्च भारत ॥२४॥

24. kṛcchrāddvādaśarātreṇa svabhyastena daśāvaram ,
parivettā bhavetpūtaḥ parivittiśca bhārata.

24. kṛcchrāt dvādaśarātreṇa svabhyastena daśāvaram
parivettā bhavet pūtaḥ parivittiḥ ca bhārata

24. bhārata kṛcchrāt dvādaśarātreṇa svabhyastena daśāvaram
parivettā pūtaḥ bhavet ca parivittiḥ (api pūtaḥ bhavet)

24. O Bhārata, by a Kṛcchra penance of twelve nights, diligently performed for at least ten (such periods), the younger brother who marries before his elder (parivettā) would become purified, as would the elder brother who is passed over (parivitti).

Words meanings summery:

• कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - by means of the Kṛcchra penance (from Kṛcchra (a severe penance))

• द्वादशरात्रेण (dvādaśarātreṇa) - through the duration of twelve nights (by a twelve-night period)

• स्वभ्यस्तेन (svabhyastena) - by the diligently performed (penance) (by that which is well-practiced/diligently performed)

• दशावरम् (daśāvaram) - a minimum of ten (repetitions or units of the penance) (at least ten, consisting of at least ten)

• परिवेत्ता (parivettā) - the younger brother who commits the transgression of marrying before his older brother (a younger brother who marries before his elder brother)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would become (he would be, he should be, he would become)

• पूतः (pūtaḥ) - ritually cleansed, absolved (purified, clean, sacred)

• परिवित्तिः (parivittiḥ) - the elder brother who is dishonored by his younger brother's premature marriage (the elder brother whose younger brother marries before him)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing an individual, often Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira in epic contexts) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

Words meanings and morphology

कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - by means of the Kṛcchra penance (from Kṛcchra (a severe penance))

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, trouble, penance, asceticism

Note: Expresses source or means.

द्वादशरात्रेण (dvādaśarātreṇa) - through the duration of twelve nights (by a twelve-night period)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dvādaśarātra

dvādaśarātra - twelve nights

Compound type : dvigu (dvādaśan+rātra)

• dvādaśan – twelve
  numeral
• rātra – night, night-time
  noun (neuter)

Note: Expresses the means or duration.

स्वभ्यस्तेन (svabhyastena) - by the diligently performed (penance) (by that which is well-practiced/diligently performed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svabhyasta

svabhyasta - well-practiced, diligently performed, well-exercised

past passive participle

From `su-abhi-√as` (to throw, practice) + `kta` suffix.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+abhyasta)

• su – well, good, easy
  indeclinable
• abhyasta – practiced, thrown, studied
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From `abhi-√as` (to practice, throw).
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `dvādaśarātreṇa`.

दशावरम् (daśāvaram) - a minimum of ten (repetitions or units of the penance) (at least ten, consisting of at least ten)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daśāvara

daśāvara - consisting of at least ten, minimum ten

Compound `daśa` (ten) + `avara` (inferior, lower, minimum).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśan+avara)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• avara – lower, inferior, minimum
  adjective

Note: Adverbial accusative, specifying quantity or minimum.

परिवेत्ता (parivettā) - the younger brother who commits the transgression of marrying before his older brother (a younger brother who marries before his elder brother)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivettṛ

parivettṛ - a younger brother marrying before his elder; the person who finds or obtains

agent noun

From `pari-√vid` (to marry before, find) + `tṛ` suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of `bhavet`.

भवेत् (bhavet) - would become (he would be, he should be, he would become)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

optative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. From `√bhū` (class 1).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Potential mood.

पूतः (pūtaḥ) - ritually cleansed, absolved (purified, clean, sacred)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūta

pūta - purified, clean, pure

past passive participle

From `√pū` (to purify) + `kta` suffix.

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for `parivettā` and `parivittiḥ`.

परिवित्तिः (parivittiḥ) - the elder brother who is dishonored by his younger brother's premature marriage (the elder brother whose younger brother marries before him)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivittṛ

parivittṛ - an elder brother whose younger brother marries before him

agent noun (with specific social meaning)

From `pari-√vid` (to be found out, to be passed over) + `tṛ` suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Co-subject with `parivettā`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing an individual, often Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira in epic contexts) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

From `Bharata` + `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Address.