महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-291, verse-8

वसिष्ठं श्रेष्ठमासीनमृषीणां भास्करद्युतिम् ।
पप्रच्छ जनको राजा ज्ञानं नैःश्रेयसं परम् ॥८॥

8. vasiṣṭhaṁ śreṣṭhamāsīnamṛṣīṇāṁ bhāskaradyutim ,
papraccha janako rājā jñānaṁ naiḥśreyasaṁ param.

8. vasiṣṭham śreṣṭham āsīnam ṛṣīṇām bhāskaradyutim
papraccha janakaḥ rājā jñānam naiḥśreyasam param

8. rājā janakaḥ ṛṣīṇām śreṣṭham bhāskaradyutim āsīnam
vasiṣṭham param naiḥśreyasam jñānam papraccha

8. King Janaka asked Vasiṣṭha, who was seated, the most excellent among sages, and radiant like the sun, about the supreme knowledge (jñāna) that leads to ultimate liberation (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - the sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha)

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - the most excellent (best, most excellent, chief)

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated (seated, sitting)

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - among sages (of sages, among sages)

• भास्करद्युतिम् (bhāskaradyutim) - radiant like the sun (sun-radiant, brilliant as the sun)

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked (asked, questioned)

• जनकः (janakaḥ) - King Janaka (Janaka)

• राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - the supreme knowledge (jñāna) (knowledge, wisdom)

• नैःश्रेयसम् (naiḥśreyasam) - that leads to ultimate liberation (mokṣa) (leading to ultimate good, conducive to final beatitude, liberation)

• परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

Words meanings and morphology

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - the sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a celebrated Vedic sage)

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - the most excellent (best, most excellent, chief)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, superior

superlative of praśasya (excellent)

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated (seated, sitting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

Past Active Participle

from root ās (to sit), kārtari participle

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Past active participle from ās.

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - among sages (of sages, among sages)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Genitive plural, implying "among" in context of comparison (superlative śreṣṭham).

भास्करद्युतिम् (bhāskaradyutim) - radiant like the sun (sun-radiant, brilliant as the sun)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāskaradyuti

bhāskaradyuti - having the brilliance of the sun

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāskara+dyuti)

• bhāskara – sun, sun-god
  noun (masculine)
• dyuti – radiance, brilliance, splendor
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Bahuvrīhi compound: "he whose radiance is like the sun's".

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked (asked, questioned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prach

Perfect Active Indicative

third person singular, class 6

Root: prach (class 6)

जनकः (janakaḥ) - King Janaka (Janaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - Janaka (name of several kings of Videha)

Note: Acts as the subject of papraccha.

राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Appositive to Janaka.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - the supreme knowledge (jñāna) (knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding

from root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of papraccha.

नैःश्रेयसम् (naiḥśreyasam) - that leads to ultimate liberation (mokṣa) (leading to ultimate good, conducive to final beatitude, liberation)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naiḥśreyasa

naiḥśreyasa - leading to ultimate good, conducive to final beatitude/liberation

from niḥśreyas (ultimate good)

Note: Adjective modifying jñānam.

परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, most excellent

Note: Adjective modifying jñānam.