महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-291, verse-36

महांश्चैवाग्रजो नित्यमेतत्क्षरनिदर्शनम् ।
कथितं ते महाराज यस्मान्नावर्तते पुनः ॥३६॥

36. mahāṁścaivāgrajo nityametatkṣaranidarśanam ,
kathitaṁ te mahārāja yasmānnāvartate punaḥ.

36. mahān ca eva agrajaḥ nityam etatkṣaranidarśanam
kathitam te mahārāja yasmāt na āvartate punaḥ

36. mahārāja te mahān ca eva nityam agrajaḥ
etatkṣaranidarśanam kathitam yasmāt punaḥ na āvartate

36. Indeed, the great (cosmic principle, Mahān) and the eternal first-born (Agraja) – this entire manifestation is presented as an example of the perishable (kṣara). It has been explained to you, O great king (mahārāja), that from which one does not return again (punarāvṛtti).

Words meanings summery:

• महान् (mahān) - the Great (Cosmic Principle, Mahat) (great, mighty, large)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• अग्रजः (agrajaḥ) - the first-born (cosmic principle, Brahma) (first-born, elder brother, progenitor)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal (always, eternally, constantly)

• एतत्क्षरनिदर्शनम् (etatkṣaranidarśanam) - this is an example of the perishable (kṣara) (this example of the perishable)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - it has been explained (said, told, narrated)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, your (singular, dative/genitive))

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king! (O great king! (vocative))

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which (state) (from which, because of which)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आवर्तते (āvartate) - returns (returns, turns back, revolves)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

महान् (mahān) - the Great (Cosmic Principle, Mahat) (great, mighty, large)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, the cosmic intellect (Mahat)

Present Active Participle

derived from root mah (to grow great)

Root: mah (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

अग्रजः (agrajaḥ) - the first-born (cosmic principle, Brahma) (first-born, elder brother, progenitor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agraja

agraja - first-born, elder brother, progenitor, Brahma

agra (front) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+ja)

• agra – front, first, tip
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root 'jan'
  Root: jan (class 4)

नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal (always, eternally, constantly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, constant, perpetual, always

ni + tya (from i)

एतत्क्षरनिदर्शनम् (etatkṣaranidarśanam) - this is an example of the perishable (kṣara) (this example of the perishable)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etatkṣaranidarśana

etatkṣaranidarśana - this example of the perishable

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (etat+kṣara+nidarśana)

• etat – this
  pronoun (neuter)
• kṣara – perishable, flowing
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from root 'kṣar'
  Root: kṣar (class 1)
• nidarśana – example, illustration, demonstration
  noun (neuter)
  from prefix 'ni' + root 'dṛś' (to see)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

कथितम् (kathitam) - it has been explained (said, told, narrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - said, told, narrated

Past Passive Participle

derived from root kath (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

ते (te) - to you (to you, your (singular, dative/genitive))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king! (O great king! (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

mahā (great) + rājan (king)

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which (state) (from which, because of which)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आवर्तते (āvartate) - returns (returns, turns back, revolves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of āvṛt

Present Middle Indicative

derived from root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, moreover)

(indeclinable)