महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-291, verse-28

एषा तत्त्वचतुर्विंशा सर्वाकृतिषु वर्तते ।
यां ज्ञात्वा नाभिशोचन्ति ब्राह्मणास्तत्त्वदर्शिनः ॥२८॥

28. eṣā tattvacaturviṁśā sarvākṛtiṣu vartate ,
yāṁ jñātvā nābhiśocanti brāhmaṇāstattvadarśinaḥ.

28. eṣā tattvacaturviṃśā sarvākṛtiṣu vartate | yām
jñātvā na abhiśocanti brāhmaṇāḥ tattvadarśinaḥ

28. eṣā tattvacaturviṃśā sarvākṛtiṣu vartate.
yām jñātvā tattvadarśinaḥ brāhmaṇāḥ na abhiśocanti.

28. This twenty-fourth principle (tattva) is present in all forms. Knowing this, the Brahmins (brāhmaṇa), who are seers of truth, do not grieve.

Words meanings summery:

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• तत्त्वचतुर्विंशा (tattvacaturviṁśā) - the twenty-fourth principle (of reality)

• सर्वाकृतिषु (sarvākṛtiṣu) - in all forms, in all creations

• वर्तते (vartate) - exists, is present, abides, turns, acts

• याम् (yām) - which (feminine)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, after knowing

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिशोचन्ति (abhiśocanti) - they grieve, they lament, they sorrow

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, wise people, spiritual seekers

• तत्त्वदर्शिनः (tattvadarśinaḥ) - seers of truth, perceivers of reality

Words meanings and morphology

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

तत्त्वचतुर्विंशा (tattvacaturviṁśā) - the twenty-fourth principle (of reality)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tattvacaturviṃśa

tattvacaturviṁśa - the twenty-fourth principle or category of reality

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tattva+caturviṃśa)

• tattva – reality, truth, principle, essence, category
  noun (neuter)
• caturviṃśa – twenty-fourth
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

सर्वाकृतिषु (sarvākṛtiṣu) - in all forms, in all creations

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of sarvākṛti

sarvākṛti - all forms, all shapes, universal form

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+ākṛti)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• ākṛti – form, shape, appearance, creation
  noun (feminine)

वर्तते (vartate) - exists, is present, abides, turns, acts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

याम् (yām) - which (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, after knowing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'jñā' with the suffix '-tvā'.

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिशोचन्ति (abhiśocanti) - they grieve, they lament, they sorrow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śuc

Prefix: abhi

Root: śuc (class 1)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, wise people, spiritual seekers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class), a knower of Brahman, a wise person

तत्त्वदर्शिनः (tattvadarśinaḥ) - seers of truth, perceivers of reality

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tattvadarśin

tattvadarśin - one who sees the truth or reality, a philosopher, a metaphysician

Agent noun from tattva (truth) + root dṛś (to see).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+darśin)

• tattva – reality, truth, principle, essence, category
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, knowing, perceiving; one who sees or knows
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Agent noun derived from the root 'dṛś' (to see) with the suffix '-in'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)