महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-291, verse-5

त्वयि प्रतिगते श्रेयः कुतः श्रोष्यामहे वयम् ।
कुरुवंशप्रदीपस्त्वं ज्ञानद्रव्येण दीप्यसे ॥५॥

5. tvayi pratigate śreyaḥ kutaḥ śroṣyāmahe vayam ,
kuruvaṁśapradīpastvaṁ jñānadravyeṇa dīpyase.

5. tvayi pratigate śreyaḥ kutaḥ śroṣyāmahe vayam
kuruvaṃśapradīpaḥ tvam jñānadravyeṇa dīpyase

5. tvayi pratigate vayam śreyaḥ kutaḥ śroṣyāmahe
tvam kuruvaṃśapradīpaḥ jñānadravyeṇa dīpyase

5. Once you depart, from whom will we hear about what is truly beneficial (śreyas)? You are indeed the lamp of the Kuru lineage, glowing brightly with the wealth of knowledge.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वयि (tvayi) - when you, upon your (departure) (in you, with you, when you)

• प्रतिगते (pratigate) - having departed (having gone back, having departed, having returned)

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - what is good, beneficial (śreyas) (good, better, welfare, merit)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from whom, from where (from where, whence, why)

• श्रोष्यामहे (śroṣyāmahe) - we will hear

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• कुरुवंशप्रदीपः (kuruvaṁśapradīpaḥ) - lamp of the Kuru lineage

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• ज्ञानद्रव्येण (jñānadravyeṇa) - with the wealth of knowledge (by the wealth/substance of knowledge, with the fuel of knowledge)

• दीप्यसे (dīpyase) - you shine brightly (you shine, you illuminate)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वयि (tvayi) - when you, upon your (departure) (in you, with you, when you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of tvam

yuṣmad - you

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

प्रतिगते (pratigate) - having departed (having gone back, having departed, having returned)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pratigata

pratigata - gone back, returned, departed, gone towards

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - what is good, beneficial (śreyas) (good, better, welfare, merit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - good, better, welfare, prosperity, merit, spiritual benefit

Comparative degree of śrī (beauty, wealth) or praśasya (praiseworthy).

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Here it functions as the object of śroṣyāmahe.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from whom, from where (from where, whence, why)

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + tas suffix.

श्रोष्यामहे (śroṣyāmahe) - we will hear

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of śru

Future tense, middle voice

Root śru (5th class), future stem śroṣya, 1st person plural middle voice ending mahe.

Root: śru (class 5)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of vayam

asmad - I, we

Note: Nominative plural of asmad.

कुरुवंशप्रदीपः (kuruvaṁśapradīpaḥ) - lamp of the Kuru lineage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuruvaṃśapradīpa

kuruvaṁśapradīpa - a lamp of the Kuru race, best among the Kurus

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuruvamśa+pradīpa)

• kuruvaṃśa – Kuru lineage/dynasty
  noun (masculine)
• pradīpa – lamp, light, illuminator
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dīp (to shine) with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dīp (class 4)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

yuṣmad - you

Note: Short form of the nominative singular of yuṣmad.

ज्ञानद्रव्येण (jñānadravyeṇa) - with the wealth of knowledge (by the wealth/substance of knowledge, with the fuel of knowledge)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jñānadravya

jñānadravya - the substance/wealth of knowledge, knowledge as a resource

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jñāna+dravya)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• dravya – substance, wealth, property, material
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dru (class 1)

दीप्यसे (dīpyase) - you shine brightly (you shine, you illuminate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dīp

Present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root dīp (4th class), 2nd person singular middle voice ending se.

Root: dīp (class 4)