महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-277, verse-43

अर्थांश्च दुर्लभाँल्लोके क्लेशांश्च सुलभांस्तथा ।
दुःखं चैव कुटुम्बार्थे यः पश्यति स मुच्यते ॥४३॥

43. arthāṁśca durlabhāँlloke kleśāṁśca sulabhāṁstathā ,
duḥkhaṁ caiva kuṭumbārthe yaḥ paśyati sa mucyate.

43. arthān ca durlabhān loke kleśān ca sulabhān tathā
duḥkham ca eva kuṭumbārthe yaḥ paśyati saḥ mucyate

43. yaḥ loke durlabhān arthān ca sulabhān kleśān tathā
kuṭumbārthe duḥkham ca eva paśyati saḥ mucyate

43. Whoever observes that desirable things are hard to obtain in this world, that afflictions are easily encountered, and that there is suffering solely for the sake of one's family, that person becomes liberated (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थान् (arthān) - desirable objects, worldly possessions (objects, purposes, wealth, possessions)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• दुर्लभान् (durlabhān) - difficult to acquire (difficult to obtain, rare, scarce)

• लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the realm)

• क्लेशान् (kleśān) - miseries, afflictions (afflictions, troubles, pains, torments)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• सुलभान् (sulabhān) - easily encountered/found (easy to obtain, readily available)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, pain, sorrow, misery)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed, solely (indeed, only, just, exclusively)

• कुटुम्बार्थे (kuṭumbārthe) - for the sake of family (for the sake of family, for the family's purpose)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which, whoever)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - observes, perceives (sees, beholds, perceives, observes)

• सः (saḥ) - that person, he (he, that)

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - becomes liberated (mokṣa) (is liberated, is released, is set free)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थान् (arthān) - desirable objects, worldly possessions (objects, purposes, wealth, possessions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - object, purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, possession, thing, interest

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दुर्लभान् (durlabhān) - difficult to acquire (difficult to obtain, rare, scarce)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, scarce, hard to find

Derived from 'dur' (difficult) + 'labha' (obtainable).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dur+labha)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill, hard
  indeclinable
• labha – obtaining, gaining, acquisition, profit
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'arthān'.

लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the realm)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, universe, space

क्लेशान् (kleśān) - miseries, afflictions (afflictions, troubles, pains, torments)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kleśa

kleśa - affliction, trouble, pain, distress, torment

Derived from root √kliś (to torment, to afflict).

Root: kliś (class 9)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सुलभान् (sulabhān) - easily encountered/found (easy to obtain, readily available)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sulabha

sulabha - easy to obtain, readily available, accessible

Derived from 'su' (good, easy) + 'labha' (obtainable).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (su+labha)

• su – good, well, easy, beautiful
  indeclinable
• labha – obtaining, gaining, acquisition, profit
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kleśān'.

तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, pain, sorrow, misery)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, uneasiness

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, solely (indeed, only, just, exclusively)

(indeclinable)

कुटुम्बार्थे (kuṭumbārthe) - for the sake of family (for the sake of family, for the family's purpose)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kuṭumbārtha

kuṭumbārtha - purpose of family, for the sake of family

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuṭumba+artha)

• kuṭumba – family, household, domestic life
  noun (neuter)
• artha – object, purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, possession, thing, interest
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of the family'.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

पश्यति (paśyati) - observes, perceives (sees, beholds, perceives, observes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active Parasmaipada

Root dṛś changes to paśya in present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that person, he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मुच्यते (mucyate) - becomes liberated (mokṣa) (is liberated, is released, is set free)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present Passive Ātmanepada

Passive formation from root √muc.

Root: muc (class 6)