महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-277, verse-40

पुंस्त्वोपघातं कालेन दर्शनोपरमं तथा ।
बाधिर्यं प्राणमन्दत्वं यः पश्यति स मुच्यते ॥४०॥

40. puṁstvopaghātaṁ kālena darśanoparamaṁ tathā ,
bādhiryaṁ prāṇamandatvaṁ yaḥ paśyati sa mucyate.

40. puṃstvopaghātaṃ kālena darśanoparamaṃ tathā
bādhīryaṃ prāṇamandatvaṃ yaḥ paśyati saḥ mucyate

40. yaḥ kālena puṃstvopaghātaṃ darśanoparamaṃ tathā
bādhīryaṃ prāṇamandatvaṃ paśyati saḥ mucyate

40. Whoever observes the decline of virility over time, the cessation of eyesight, as well as deafness and the weakening of life forces, that person becomes liberated (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• पुंस्त्वोपघातं (puṁstvopaghātaṁ) - the impairment of virility, loss of masculinity

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, with the passage of time

• दर्शनोपरमं (darśanoparamaṁ) - the cessation of sight, end of vision

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, similarly

• बाधीर्यं (bādhīryaṁ) - deafness

• प्राणमन्दत्वं (prāṇamandatvaṁ) - the dullness of vital breaths, weakening of life forces

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

• सः (saḥ) - he, that person

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated, is released

Words meanings and morphology

पुंस्त्वोपघातं (puṁstvopaghātaṁ) - the impairment of virility, loss of masculinity

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṃstvopaghāta

puṁstvopaghāta - impairment of virility

Compound type : tatpurusha (puṃstva+upaghāta)

• puṃstva – virility, masculinity, manhood
  noun (neuter)
• upaghāta – injury, damage, impairment, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'upa' (near) + root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)

कालेन (kālena) - by time, with the passage of time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, duration

दर्शनोपरमं (darśanoparamaṁ) - the cessation of sight, end of vision

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of darśanoparama

darśanoparama - cessation of sight

Compound type : tatpurusha (darśana+uparama)

• darśana – seeing, sight, vision, doctrine
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 4)
• uparama – cessation, stopping, end, rest
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'upa' (near) + root 'ram' (to stop, rest).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: ram (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, similarly

(indeclinable)

बाधीर्यं (bādhīryaṁ) - deafness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bādhīrya

bādhīrya - deafness

Derived from 'badhira' (deaf).

प्राणमन्दत्वं (prāṇamandatvaṁ) - the dullness of vital breaths, weakening of life forces

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāṇamandatva

prāṇamandatva - dullness/weakness of vital breaths

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+mandatva)

• prāṇa – breath, vital air, life-force
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pra' (forth) + root 'an' (to breathe).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• mandatva – dullness, slowness, weakness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'manda' (slow, dull, weak) + 'tva' (abstract noun suffix).

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of paś

Root 'dṛś' (to see) changes to 'paś' in present tense forms.

Root: dṛś (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated, is released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)