महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-277, verse-32

यः पश्यति सुखी तुष्टो नपश्यंश्च विहन्यते ।
यश्चाप्यल्पेन संतुष्टो लोकेऽस्मिन्मुक्त एव सः ॥३२॥

32. yaḥ paśyati sukhī tuṣṭo napaśyaṁśca vihanyate ,
yaścāpyalpena saṁtuṣṭo loke'sminmukta eva saḥ.

32. yaḥ paśyati sukhī tuṣṭaḥ na paśyan ca vihanyate yaḥ
ca api alpena santuṣṭaḥ loke asmin muktaḥ eva saḥ

32. yaḥ paśyati sukhī tuṣṭaḥ,
ca na paśyan vihanyate ca yaḥ api asmin loke alpena santuṣṭaḥ,
saḥ eva muktaḥ

32. One who truly perceives (the nature of the world) becomes happy and content, while one who fails to perceive (it) is afflicted. Moreover, whoever is satisfied with little in this world is indeed liberated (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

• सुखी (sukhī) - happy, joyful, possessing happiness

• तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - content, satisfied, pleased

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, while seeing, one who sees

• च (ca) - and, also

• विहन्यते (vihanyate) - is afflicted, is destroyed, is struck down

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes the preceding word. (also, even, moreover)

• अल्पेन (alpena) - with little, by means of little

• सन्तुष्टः (santuṣṭaḥ) - completely satisfied, content

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

• मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - Achieved liberation (mokṣa). (liberated, released, free)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word. (indeed, certainly, only, even)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active Indicative

Root dṛś takes 'paśya' stem in present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुखी (sukhī) - happy, joyful, possessing happiness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhin

sukhin - happy, joyful, comfortable

Possessive suffix -in

तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - content, satisfied, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - content, satisfied, pleased

Past Passive Participle

From root tuṣ (to be pleased, satisfied)

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, while seeing, one who sees

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛś

dṛś - to see, perceive, observe

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś, stem paśya, with present participle suffix -at

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विहन्यते (vihanyate) - is afflicted, is destroyed, is struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Present Passive Indicative

From prefix vi + root han (to strike/kill), passive voice

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - Emphasizes the preceding word. (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अल्पेन (alpena) - with little, by means of little

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - little, small, few

Note: Masculine/neuter instrumental singular. Here used for 'with little (means/things)'.

सन्तुष्टः (santuṣṭaḥ) - completely satisfied, content

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of santuṣṭa

santuṣṭa - completely satisfied, content, pleased

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sam + root tuṣ (to be pleased, satisfied)

Prefix: sam

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, region, realm

Root: lok (class 1)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Qualifies 'loke'

मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - Achieved liberation (mokṣa). (liberated, released, free)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukta

mukta - liberated, released, free, delivered

Past Passive Participle

From root muc (to release, liberate)

Root: muc (class 6)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word. (indeed, certainly, only, even)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)