महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-276, verse-7

ज्ञाने ह्येवं प्रवृत्तिः स्यात्कार्याकार्ये विजानतः ।
यत्कार्यं न व्यवस्यामस्तद्भवान्वक्तुमर्हति ॥७॥

7. jñāne hyevaṁ pravṛttiḥ syātkāryākārye vijānataḥ ,
yatkāryaṁ na vyavasyāmastadbhavānvaktumarhati.

7. jñāne hi evam pravṛttiḥ syāt kāryākārye vijānataḥ
yat kāryam na vyavasyāmaḥ tat bhavān vaktum arhati

7. hi evaṃ pravṛttiḥ jñāne kāryākārye vijānataḥ syāt.
yat kāryam na vyavasyāmaḥ,
tat bhavān vaktum arhati.

7. Indeed, for one discerning what is right and wrong action (kāryākārye), a clear insight (pravṛtti) would arise through knowledge (jñāna). Therefore, that duty (kāryam) which we are unable to determine, you ought to explain.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञाने (jñāne) - in knowledge, through knowledge, regarding knowledge

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, such

• प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - activity, tendency, course of action, insight, understanding

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be, may be

• कार्याकार्ये (kāryākārye) - in what is to be done and what is not to be done, in right and wrong actions

• विजानतः (vijānataḥ) - of one who knows, of one discerning, of the wise

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - duty, action to be done, task

• न (na) - not

• व्यवस्यामः (vyavasyāmaḥ) - we determine, we ascertain, we decide

• तत् (tat) - that

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), sir

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to tell, to explain

• अर्हति (arhati) - you are able, you ought, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञाने (jñāne) - in knowledge, through knowledge, regarding knowledge

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, understanding, wisdom

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The source or realm of insight.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, such

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the manner of `pravṛtti`.

प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - activity, tendency, course of action, insight, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, tendency, course, insight, understanding

From prefix pra- and root vṛt (to turn, to exist)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'syāt'.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

Optative form of root as.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Expresses possibility or desirability.

कार्याकार्ये (kāryākārye) - in what is to be done and what is not to be done, in right and wrong actions

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of kāryākārya

kāryākārya - what is to be done and what is not to be done, right and wrong action

Dvanda compound of kārya (to be done) and akārya (not to be done).

Compound type : dvandva (kārya+akārya)

• kārya – to be done, duty, action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of root kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• akārya – not to be done, improper action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive (negative)
  Compound: a- (not) + kārya (to be done).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the sphere of proper and improper actions.

विजानतः (vijānataḥ) - of one who knows, of one discerning, of the wise

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vijānat

vijānat - knowing, discerning, understanding

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root jñā with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies an implied agent, like 'a person'.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to 'kāryam'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - duty, action to be done, task

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, task

Gerundive

Gerundive of root kṛ, functioning as a noun.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the dependent clause.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'vyavasyāmaḥ'.

व्यवस्यामः (vyavasyāmaḥ) - we determine, we ascertain, we decide

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vyavasya

From root so (to decide, to end) with prefixes vi- and ava-.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: so (class 4)

Note: The verb of the dependent clause.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yat'.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), sir

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), sir, being, existing

Present Active Participle (when used as 'being')

From root bhū, present participle, used as a respectful pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'arhati'.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to tell, to explain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Purpose/ability with arhati.

अर्हति (arhati) - you are able, you ought, you deserve

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root verb 'arh'.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Verb of capacity/propriety.