महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-276, verse-38

अपामग्नेस्तथेन्दोश्च स्पर्शं वेदयते यथा ।
तथा पश्यामहे स्पर्शमुभयोः पापपुण्ययोः ॥३८॥

38. apāmagnestathendośca sparśaṁ vedayate yathā ,
tathā paśyāmahe sparśamubhayoḥ pāpapuṇyayoḥ.

38. apām agneḥ tathā indoḥ ca sparśam vedayate yathā
tathā paśyāmahe sparśam ubhayoḥ pāpapuṇyayoḥ

38. yathā apām agneḥ indoḥ ca sparśam vedayate
tathā ubhayoḥ pāpapuṇyayoḥ sparśam paśyāmahe

38. Just as one experiences the touch of water, fire, and the moon, similarly we perceive the effect (sparśa) of both sin and merit (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• अपाम् (apām) - of water (of waters, of the waters)

• अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire (of fire, from fire)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

• इन्दोः (indoḥ) - of the moon (of the moon, from the moon)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch (touch, contact, sensation, effect)

• वेदयते (vedayate) - one experiences (one experiences, one knows, one causes to know, one feels)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

• पश्यामहे (paśyāmahe) - we perceive (we see, we perceive, we observe)

• स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - effect (touch, contact, sensation, effect)

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

• पापपुण्ययोः (pāpapuṇyayoḥ) - of sin and merit (karma) (of sin and merit, of evil and good)

Words meanings and morphology

अपाम् (apām) - of water (of waters, of the waters)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Always used in plural in Sanskrit

अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire (of fire, from fire)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

Note: Also ablative singular. Context indicates genitive.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

इन्दोः (indoḥ) - of the moon (of the moon, from the moon)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of indu

indu - moon, drop, soma

Note: Also ablative singular. Context indicates genitive.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch (touch, contact, sensation, effect)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, sensation, feeling, effect

from √spṛś (to touch)

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Object of vedayate.

वेदयते (vedayate) - one experiences (one experiences, one knows, one causes to know, one feels)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Middle

from causative of √vid (10th class or causative stem vedaya-), 3rd person singular, present, ātmanepada

Root: vid (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

पश्यामहे (paśyāmahe) - we perceive (we see, we perceive, we observe)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Middle

from √dṛś (class 1, paśya- stem), 1st person plural, present, ātmanepada

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - effect (touch, contact, sensation, effect)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, sensation, feeling, effect

from √spṛś (to touch)

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Object of paśyāmahe.

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Always dual.

Note: The root 'ubha' is often treated as a pronominal adjective, always appearing in the dual.

पापपुण्ययोः (pāpapuṇyayoḥ) - of sin and merit (karma) (of sin and merit, of evil and good)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of pāpapuṇya

pāpapuṇya - sin and merit, good and evil (deeds)

Compound type : dvandva (pāpa+puṇya)

• pāpa – sin, evil, bad deed
  noun (neuter)
• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed
  noun (neuter)