महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-276, verse-12

नारद उवाच ।
आश्रमास्तात चत्वारो यथासंकल्पिताः पृथक् ।
तान्सर्वाननुपश्य त्वं समाश्रित्यैव गालव ॥१२॥

12. nārada uvāca ,
āśramāstāta catvāro yathāsaṁkalpitāḥ pṛthak ,
tānsarvānanupaśya tvaṁ samāśrityaiva gālava.

12. nāradaḥ uvāca | āśramāḥ tāta catvāraḥ yathāsaṅkalpitāḥ
pṛthak | tān sarvān anupaśya tvam samāśritya eva gālava

12. tāta gālava,
nāradaḥ uvāca catvāraḥ āśramāḥ yathāsaṅkalpitāḥ pṛthak (santi) tvam samāśritya eva tān sarvān anupaśya

12. Nārada said: 'Dear son, the four stages of life (āśramas) are distinctly ordained as they are conceived. O Gālava, you should observe all of them by diligently following them yourself.'

Words meanings summery:

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - stages of life (āśramas)

• तात (tāta) - dear son

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• यथासङ्कल्पिताः (yathāsaṅkalpitāḥ) - as ordained, as conceived

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly

• तान् (tān) - those

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, whole

• अनुपश्य (anupaśya) - observe, consider, follow

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having resorted to, by following

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• गालव (gālava) - O Gālava (proper name)

Words meanings and morphology

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a celestial sage, son of Brahmā, divine musician)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - stages of life (āśramas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, stage of life, order of life

तात (tāta) - dear son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father (vocative of affection) or dear child/son (vocative of affection)

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of catur

catur - four

यथासङ्कल्पिताः (yathāsaṅkalpitāḥ) - as ordained, as conceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yathāsaṅkalpita

yathāsaṅkalpita - as conceived, as intended, as determined, as ordained

Compound of 'yathā' and 'saṅkalpita'

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+saṅkalpita)

• yathā – as, according to, in which way
  indeclinable
• saṅkalpita – conceived, intended, resolved, ordained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kḷp' (to be ordered, arranged) with prefix 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

अनुपश्य (anupaśya) - observe, consider, follow

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of anupaś

Derived from the root 'paś' (to see) with prefix 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: paś (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having resorted to, by following

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund with prefix)

Derived from the root 'śri' (to resort to, to serve) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

गालव (gālava) - O Gālava (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava (name of a sage, a disciple of Viśvāmitra)