महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-276, verse-23

नक्तंचर्या दिवास्वप्नमालस्यं पैशुनं मदम् ।
अतियोगमयोगं च श्रेयसोऽर्थी परित्यजेत् ॥२३॥

23. naktaṁcaryā divāsvapnamālasyaṁ paiśunaṁ madam ,
atiyogamayogaṁ ca śreyaso'rthī parityajet.

23. naktaṃcaryā divāsvapnam ālasyam paiśunam madam
atiyogam ayogam ca śreyasaḥ arthī parityajet

23. śreyasaḥ arthī naktaṃcaryā divāsvapnam ālasyam
paiśunam madam ca atiyogam ayogam ca parityajet

23. One who seeks the ultimate good (śreyas) should abandon nocturnal activities, daytime sleep, laziness, backbiting, pride, and both excessive and insufficient effort (yoga).

Words meanings summery:

• नक्तंचर्या (naktaṁcaryā) - nocturnal activity, wandering by night

• दिवास्वप्नम् (divāsvapnam) - day-dreaming, sleeping by day

• आलस्यम् (ālasyam) - laziness, idleness, indolence

• पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - backbiting, slander, wickedness, cruelty

• मदम् (madam) - intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion

• अतियोगम् (atiyogam) - excessive application or effort (excessive application, over-indulgence, extreme practice (of yoga))

• अयोगम् (ayogam) - insufficient application or effort (non-application, negligence, lack of effort (in yoga))

• च (ca) - and, also

• श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of the ultimate good, of welfare, of what is superior

• अर्थी (arthī) - one who seeks the ultimate good (seeker, desirous of, one who wants)

• परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - one should abandon, renounce, give up

Words meanings and morphology

नक्तंचर्या (naktaṁcaryā) - nocturnal activity, wandering by night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of naktaṃcaryā

naktaṁcaryā - wandering by night, nocturnal activity

From nakta (night) + caryā (activity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nakta+caryā)

• nakta – night (often used adverbially 'by night')
  indeclinable
• caryā – activity, conduct, wandering
  noun (feminine)
  From root car (to move, wander) + ṇya + ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Though grammatically nominative, it functions as one of the objects to be abandoned (which would typically be accusative). Such case variations in lists are sometimes observed in Sanskrit texts.

दिवास्वप्नम् (divāsvapnam) - day-dreaming, sleeping by day

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divāsvapna

divāsvapna - day-sleep, day-dream, sleeping by day

From divā (by day) + svapna (sleep)

Compound type : tatpurusha (divā+svapna)

• divā – by day, in the daytime
  indeclinable
• svapna – sleep, dream
  noun (masculine)
  From root svap (to sleep)
  Root: svap (class 2)

आलस्यम् (ālasyam) - laziness, idleness, indolence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ālasya

ālasya - laziness, idleness, indolence

From alas (lazy) with suffix ṣyañ

पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - backbiting, slander, wickedness, cruelty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paiśuna

paiśuna - backbiting, slander, wickedness, cruelty

From piśuna (wicked, malicious) with suffix aṇ

मदम् (madam) - intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mada

mada - intoxication, pride, arrogance, joy, passion

From root mad (to be joyful, intoxicated)

Root: mad (class 4)

अतियोगम् (atiyogam) - excessive application or effort (excessive application, over-indulgence, extreme practice (of yoga))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atiyoga

atiyoga - excessive application, over-indulgence, extreme practice (of yoga)

From ati (excessive) + yoga (application, union)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+yoga)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
  prefix
• yoga – union, connection, application, effort, discipline, yoga
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

अयोगम् (ayogam) - insufficient application or effort (non-application, negligence, lack of effort (in yoga))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ayoga

ayoga - non-application, negligence, lack of effort (in yoga), separation

From a (negation) + yoga (application, union)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+yoga)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• yoga – union, connection, application, effort, discipline, yoga
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects atiyoga and ayoga.

श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of the ultimate good, of welfare, of what is superior

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - the better, the ultimate good, welfare, prosperity

Comparative form of śrī (prosperity, excellence)

अर्थी (arthī) - one who seeks the ultimate good (seeker, desirous of, one who wants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arthin

arthin - seeker, desirous of, supplicant, one who has an aim

From artha (aim, purpose) + in (suffix)

Note: Acts as the subject of parityajet.

परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - one should abandon, renounce, give up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of tyaj

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root tyaj (1st class, Parasmaipada) with upasarga pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)