महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-276, verse-40

यत्रागमयमानानामसत्कारेण पृच्छताम् ।
प्रब्रूयाद्ब्रह्मणो धर्मं त्यजेत्तं देशमात्मवान् ॥४०॥

40. yatrāgamayamānānāmasatkāreṇa pṛcchatām ,
prabrūyādbrahmaṇo dharmaṁ tyajettaṁ deśamātmavān.

40. yatra āgamayamānānām asatkāreṇa pṛcchatām prabrūyāt
brahmaṇaḥ dharmam tyajet tam deśam ātmavān

40. yatra āgamayamānānām pṛcchatām asatkāreṇa brahmaṇaḥ
dharmam prabrūyāt ātmavān tam deśam tyajet

40. Wherever one disrespectfully declares the natural law (dharma) concerning Brahman to those who have approached seeking knowledge and are asking, a self-possessed person (ātman) should abandon that place.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - wherever (where, in which, in which place)

• आगमयमानानाम् (āgamayamānānām) - of those who have approached (of those who are causing to come, of those who are approaching)

• असत्कारेण (asatkāreṇa) - disrespectfully (with disrespect, by dishonor, improperly)

• पृच्छताम् (pṛcchatām) - of those who are asking (of those asking, questioning)

• प्रब्रूयात् (prabrūyāt) - one declares (one should declare, he should speak, he should proclaim)

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - concerning Brahman (the ultimate reality) (of Brahman, of a Brahmin, of the Veda)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, virtue)

• त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should abandon (he should abandon, he should renounce, he should leave)

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

• देशम् (deśam) - place (place, country, region)

• आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a self-possessed person (ātman) (self-possessed, wise, spiritual, having an ātman)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - wherever (where, in which, in which place)

(indeclinable)

आगमयमानानाम् (āgamayamānānām) - of those who have approached (of those who are causing to come, of those who are approaching)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āgamayamāna

āgamayamāna - coming, approaching, causing to come

Present Middle Participle (Causative)

from causative stem of ā-√gam (to come), present middle participle, genitive plural masculine

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Co-refers with pṛcchatām.

असत्कारेण (asatkāreṇa) - disrespectfully (with disrespect, by dishonor, improperly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of asatkāra

asatkāra - disrespect, dishonor, insult

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+satkāra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• satkāra – respect, honor, hospitality
  noun (masculine)
  from sat + √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying prabrūyāt.

पृच्छताम् (pṛcchatām) - of those who are asking (of those asking, questioning)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pṛcchat

pṛcchat - asking, questioning

Present Active Participle

from √prach (to ask), present active participle, genitive plural masculine

Root: prach (class 6)

प्रब्रूयात् (prabrūyāt) - one declares (one should declare, he should speak, he should proclaim)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of prabrū

Optative

from pra-√brū (to speak), 3rd person singular, optative, parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Implies a conditional 'if one declares'.

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - concerning Brahman (the ultimate reality) (of Brahman, of a Brahmin, of the Veda)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - ultimate reality, the absolute, sacred word/knowledge, Veda, priest

Note: Modifies dharmam.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, order, proper conduct

from √dhṛ (to support, sustain) + -man suffix

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of prabrūyāt.

त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should abandon (he should abandon, he should renounce, he should leave)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of tyaj

Optative

from √tyaj (class 1), 3rd person singular, optative, parasmaipada

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the consequence clause.

तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies deśam.

देशम् (deśam) - place (place, country, region)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, country, region, spot

Note: Object of tyajet.

आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a self-possessed person (ātman) (self-possessed, wise, spiritual, having an ātman)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat

ātmavat - possessing an ātman, wise, self-possessed, spiritual

From ātman + possessive suffix -vat

Note: Subject of tyajet.