महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-276, verse-15

अनुग्रहं च मित्राणाममित्राणां च निग्रहम् ।
संग्रहं च त्रिवर्गस्य श्रेय आहुर्मनीषिणः ॥१५॥

15. anugrahaṁ ca mitrāṇāmamitrāṇāṁ ca nigraham ,
saṁgrahaṁ ca trivargasya śreya āhurmanīṣiṇaḥ.

15. anugraham ca mitrāṇām amitrāṇām ca nigraham
saṃgraham ca trivargasya śreyaḥ āhuḥ manīṣiṇaḥ

15. manīṣiṇaḥ mitrāṇām anugraham ca amitrāṇām
nigraham ca trivargasya saṃgraham ca śreyaḥ āhuḥ

15. The wise declare that showing favor to friends, restraining enemies, and fostering the three human pursuits (trivarga) lead to welfare (śreyas).

Words meanings summery:

• अनुग्रहम् (anugraham) - favor, grace, kindness

• च (ca) - and

• मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - of friends

• अमित्राणाम् (amitrāṇām) - of enemies

• च (ca) - and

• निग्रहम् (nigraham) - restraint, control, suppression

• संग्रहम् (saṁgraham) - collection, accumulation, fostering, support

• च (ca) - and

• त्रिवर्गस्य (trivargasya) - of the three human pursuits (trivarga) (of the group of three, of the three aims of life)

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare (śreyas) (good, welfare, ultimate good)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise, thinkers, intelligent ones

Words meanings and morphology

अनुग्रहम् (anugraham) - favor, grace, kindness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anugraha

anugraha - favor, grace, kindness, compassion, help

From √grah (to seize, take) with prefix anu-.

Prefix: anu

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of implied verb (e.g., 'to do').

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - of friends

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, sun

Note: Possessive of `anugraham`.

अमित्राणाम् (amitrāṇām) - of enemies

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of amitra

amitra - enemy, not a friend

Negative compound of 'mitra'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+mitra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive of `nigraham`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

निग्रहम् (nigraham) - restraint, control, suppression

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - restraint, suppression, punishment, control

From √grah (to seize, take) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of implied verb.

संग्रहम् (saṁgraham) - collection, accumulation, fostering, support

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃgraha

saṁgraha - collection, accumulation, comprehension, fostering, favoring

From √grah (to seize, take) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of implied verb.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

त्रिवर्गस्य (trivargasya) - of the three human pursuits (trivarga) (of the group of three, of the three aims of life)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of trivarga

trivarga - the group of three (dharma, artha, kāma), triad

Compound of 'tri' (three) and 'varga' (class, group).

Compound type : dvigu (tri+varga)

• tri – three
  numeral
• varga – class, group, division
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive of `saṃgraham`.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare (śreyas) (good, welfare, ultimate good)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, more excellent, good, welfare, ultimate good, beatitude

Comparative form of 'śrī' (beauty, prosperity), used as a noun.

Note: Predicate of `āhuḥ`.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of brū

Perfect tense 3rd plural of √brū, often used as present tense in Classical Sanskrit.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Verb for `manīṣiṇaḥ`.

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise, thinkers, intelligent ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, intelligent, thoughtful (as adj.); a wise person, thinker (as noun)

From 'manīṣā' (wisdom, thought).

Note: Subject of `āhuḥ`.