महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-276, verse-39

अपश्यन्तोऽन्नविषयं भुञ्जते विघसाशिनः ।
भुञ्जानं चान्नविषयान्विषयं विद्धि कर्मणाम् ॥३९॥

39. apaśyanto'nnaviṣayaṁ bhuñjate vighasāśinaḥ ,
bhuñjānaṁ cānnaviṣayānviṣayaṁ viddhi karmaṇām.

39. apaśyantaḥ annaviṣayam bhuñjate vighasāśinaḥ
bhuñjānam ca annaviṣayān viṣayam viddhi karmaṇām

39. vighasāśinaḥ annaviṣayam apaśyantaḥ bhuñjate ca
annaviṣayān bhuñjānam viṣayam karmaṇām viddhi

39. Those who subsist on remnants eat without attachment to food. But understand that partaking in the objects of food is indeed the domain of actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• अपश्यन्तः (apaśyantaḥ) - without attachment to (not seeing, not perceiving, without seeing)

• अन्नविषयम् (annaviṣayam) - food as a desirable object (object of food, sphere of food)

• भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - they eat (they eat, they enjoy, they partake)

• विघसाशिनः (vighasāśinaḥ) - those who subsist on remnants (eaters of remnants, consumers of leavings)

• भुञ्जानम् (bhuñjānam) - the act of partaking (eating, enjoying, partaking)

• च (ca) - but (and, also)

• अन्नविषयान् (annaviṣayān) - the objects of food (objects of food, food items)

• विषयम् (viṣayam) - the domain (object, domain, sphere, scope)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - understand (know, understand, recognize)

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds, of works)

Words meanings and morphology

अपश्यन्तः (apaśyantaḥ) - without attachment to (not seeing, not perceiving, without seeing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, blind, unobservant

Present Active Participle

from na + √dṛś (paśya- stem), present active participle, nominative plural masculine

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• paśyat – seeing, perceiving
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from √dṛś (paśya- stem)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies vighasāśinaḥ.

अन्नविषयम् (annaviṣayam) - food as a desirable object (object of food, sphere of food)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of annaviṣaya

annaviṣaya - object of food, matter of food, foodstuff

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anna+viṣaya)

• anna – food, rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √ad (to eat)
  Root: ad (class 2)
• viṣaya – object, domain, sphere, sense object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the participle apaśyantaḥ.

भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - they eat (they eat, they enjoy, they partake)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Present Middle

from √bhuj (class 7), 3rd person plural, present, ātmanepada

Root: bhuj (class 7)

विघसाशिनः (vighasāśinaḥ) - those who subsist on remnants (eaters of remnants, consumers of leavings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vighasāśin

vighasāśin - one who eats remnants, an eater of leavings

from vighasa + āśin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vighasa+āśin)

• vighasa – remnant of food, leavings, refuse
  noun (masculine)
• āśin – eater, consumer
  noun (masculine)
  from √aś (to eat) + -in suffix
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Subject of bhuñjate.

भुञ्जानम् (bhuñjānam) - the act of partaking (eating, enjoying, partaking)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhuñjāna

bhuñjāna - eating, enjoying, partaking

Present Middle Participle

from √bhuj (class 7), present middle participle, accusative singular masculine

Root: bhuj (class 7)

च (ca) - but (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अन्नविषयान् (annaviṣayān) - the objects of food (objects of food, food items)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of annaviṣaya

annaviṣaya - object of food, matter of food, foodstuff

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anna+viṣaya)

• anna – food, rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √ad (to eat)
  Root: ad (class 2)
• viṣaya – object, domain, sphere, sense object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of bhuñjānam.

विषयम् (viṣayam) - the domain (object, domain, sphere, scope)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - object, domain, sphere, sense object, scope

Note: Predicative accusative: 'know X to be Y'. Here X = bhuñjānam annaviṣayān, Y = viṣayam karmaṇām.

विद्धि (viddhi) - understand (know, understand, recognize)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative

from √vid (class 2), 2nd person singular, imperative, parasmaipada

Root: vid (class 2)

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds, of works)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, rite, destiny (resulting from actions)

from √kṛ (to do) + -man suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Possessive for viṣayam.