महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-93, verse-3

ईशानाः सर्वलोकस्य वसवस्ते च वै कथम् ।
मानुषेषूदपद्यन्त तन्ममाचक्ष्व जाह्नवि ॥३॥

3. īśānāḥ sarvalokasya vasavaste ca vai katham ,
mānuṣeṣūdapadyanta tanmamācakṣva jāhnavi.

3. īśānāḥ sarvalokasya vasavaḥ te ca vai katham
mānuṣeṣu udapadyanta tat mama ācakṣva jāhnavi

3. O Jāhnavī, please explain to me how the Vasus, who are indeed the lords of all the worlds, came to be born among humans.

3. הו ג׳ָאהְנַוִי, ספרי לי איך הוַסוּ, שליטי כל העולמות, נולדו בין בני אדם.

Words meanings summery:

• ईशानाः (īśānāḥ) - the lords (referring to the Vasus) (lords, masters, rulers)

• सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all the worlds

• वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (as subjects) (the Vasus)

• ते (te) - they (the Vasus) (they, those)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, truly)

• कथम् (katham) - how (were they born) (how, in what manner, why)

• मानुषेषु (mānuṣeṣu) - among humans (among humans, among men)

• उदपद्यन्त (udapadyanta) - they were born (among humans) (they were born, they originated)

• तत् (tat) - that (story/explanation) (that, therefore)

• मम (mama) - to me (to me, for me, my)

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell me (tell, relate, explain)

• जाह्नवि (jāhnavi) - O Gaṅgā (as Jāhnavī) (O Jāhnavī (name for Gaṅgā))

Words meanings and morphology

ईशानाः (īśānāḥ) - the lords (referring to the Vasus) (lords, masters, rulers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of īśāna

īśāna - lord, master, ruler, potent

Present Active Participle

Derived from root ĪŚ

Root: īś (class 2)

सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all the worlds

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarvaloka

sarvaloka - all worlds, the whole world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+loka)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (as subjects) (the Vasus)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vasu

vasu - Vasu (a class of deities)

ते (te) - they (the Vasus) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, truly)

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how (were they born) (how, in what manner, why)

(indeclinable)

मानुषेषु (mānuṣeṣu) - among humans (among humans, among men)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, man

उदपद्यन्त (udapadyanta) - they were born (among humans) (they were born, they originated)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of utpad

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ), Middle Voice

3rd person plural imperfect tense, middle voice of root PAD with upasarga UT

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that (story/explanation) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मम (mama) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Genitive used with dative sense with 'ācakṣva'.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell me (tell, relate, explain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ācakṣ

Imperative Mood, Middle Voice

2nd person singular imperative, middle voice of root CAKṢ with upasarga Ā

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

जाह्नवि (jāhnavi) - O Gaṅgā (as Jāhnavī) (O Jāhnavī (name for Gaṅgā))

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of jāhnavī

jāhnavī - daughter of Jahnu, name for the river Gaṅgā

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