महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-55, verse-43

एवमेतत्पुरावृत्तं तेषामक्लिष्टकर्मणाम् ।
भेदो राज्यविनाशश्च जयश्च जयतां वर ॥४३॥

43. evametatpurāvṛttaṁ teṣāmakliṣṭakarmaṇām ,
bhedo rājyavināśaśca jayaśca jayatāṁ vara.

43. evam etat purāvṛttam teṣām akliṣṭa-karmaṇām
bhedaḥ rājya-vināśaḥ ca jayaḥ ca jayatām vara

43. O best of conquerors, this is how that ancient event unfolded for those whose deeds were effortless: it involved division, the ruin of the kingdom, and ultimately, victory.

43. כך התרחש הדבר בימי קדם לאלה שמעשיהם ללא מאמץ ועייפות. הפילוג, אובדן הממלכה והניצחון, הו מיטב המנצחים.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

• एतत् (etat) - this (event/story) (this)

• पुरावृत्तम् (purāvṛttam) - ancient event (ancient event, old story, past occurrence)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (heroes) (of them, their)

• अक्लिष्ट-कर्मणाम् (akliṣṭa-karmaṇām) - of those (great heroes) whose actions were effortless/unfailing (of those whose deeds are unwearied/effortless)

• भेदः (bhedaḥ) - dissension, faction (division, separation, dissension)

• राज्य-विनाशः (rājya-vināśaḥ) - the destruction of the kingdom (destruction of the kingdom, ruin of the state)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, triumph, conquest)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• जयताम् (jayatām) - of conquerors (of conquerors, among victors)

• वर (vara) - O best one (best, excellent, desired)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (event/story) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

पुरावृत्तम् (purāvṛttam) - ancient event (ancient event, old story, past occurrence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of purāvṛtta

purāvṛtta - ancient event, old story, what happened before

Compound type : karmadhāraya (purā+vṛtta)

• purā – formerly, anciently, in the past
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, past, event, conduct
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle
  from root vṛt 'to be, occur, exist'
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (heroes) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

अक्लिष्ट-कर्मणाम् (akliṣṭa-karmaṇām) - of those (great heroes) whose actions were effortless/unfailing (of those whose deeds are unwearied/effortless)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of akliṣṭa-karman

akliṣṭa-karman - whose actions are unwearied, whose deeds are effortless, untiring in action

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kliṣṭa+karman)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kliṣṭa – troubled, wearied, afflicted, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root kliś 'to suffer, be afflicted'
  Root: kliś (class 4)
• karman – deed, action, work, ritual
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from root kṛ 'to do, make'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

भेदः (bhedaḥ) - dissension, faction (division, separation, dissension)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - breaking, splitting, division, dissension

action noun

From root bhid 'to break, split'

Root: bhid (class 7)

राज्य-विनाशः (rājya-vināśaḥ) - the destruction of the kingdom (destruction of the kingdom, ruin of the state)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājya-vināśa

rājya-vināśa - destruction of the kingdom, ruin of the state

Compound type : genitive_tatpurusha (rājya+vināśa)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj
• vināśa – destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root naś 'to perish, disappear' with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, triumph, conquest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action noun

From root ji 'to conquer, win'

Root: ji (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

जयताम् (jayatām) - of conquerors (of conquerors, among victors)

(nominal form)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayat

jayat - conquering, victorious

present participle active

Derived from ji 'to conquer, win'

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used here as 'of those who conquer', i.e., 'of conquerors'.

वर (vara) - O best one (best, excellent, desired)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior, boon, choicest

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Refers to Janamejaya.

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