महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-55, verse-42

ततस्ते सर्वमुत्साद्य हत्वा दुर्योधनं नृपम् ।
राज्यं विद्रुतभूयिष्ठं प्रत्यपद्यन्त पाण्डवाः ॥४२॥

42. tataste sarvamutsādya hatvā duryodhanaṁ nṛpam ,
rājyaṁ vidrutabhūyiṣṭhaṁ pratyapadyanta pāṇḍavāḥ.

42. tataḥ te sarvam utsādya hatvā Duryodhanam nṛpam
rājyam vidruta-bhūyiṣṭham pratyapadyanta Pāṇḍavāḥ

42. Then the Pāṇḍavas, after destroying everything and killing King Duryodhana, regained the kingdom, which was mostly ruined.

42. אז הפָּאנְדַוַה השמידו את הכול, הרגו את המלך דוּרְיוֹדְהַנַה, וקיבלו בחזרה את הממלכה, שרוב אנשיה נמלטו ממנה.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, from there, afterwards)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (that stood in their way, or the opposing forces) (all, whole, everything)

• उत्साद्य (utsādya) - having destroyed (having destroyed, having uprooted, having removed)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (Duryodhana) (king, ruler)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• विद्रुत-भूयिष्ठम् (vidruta-bhūyiṣṭham) - mostly ruined/scattered (mostly scattered, largely ruined)

• प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they regained/obtained (they obtained, they regained, they entered)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (descendants of Pāṇḍu))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, from there, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (that stood in their way, or the opposing forces) (all, whole, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, everything

उत्साद्य (utsādya) - having destroyed (having destroyed, having uprooted, having removed)

(indeclinable)

gerund

Derived from ut-sad 'to sit upon, to destroy' with -ya suffix for gerund

Prefixes: ut+sad

Root: sad (class 1)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

(indeclinable)

gerund

Derived from han 'to strike, kill' with -tvā suffix for gerund

Root: han (class 2)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Duryodhana

Duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard, evil
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior, battle
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From root yudh 'to fight'
  Root: yudh (class 4)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (Duryodhana) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, prince

Derived from nṛ 'man' + pā 'to protect'

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver, drinking
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root pā 'to protect'
  Root: pā (class 2)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, royalty, sovereignty, reign

From rājan 'king'

Root: rāj

विद्रुत-भूयिष्ठम् (vidruta-bhūyiṣṭham) - mostly ruined/scattered (mostly scattered, largely ruined)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vidruta-bhūyiṣṭha

vidruta-bhūyiṣṭha - mostly scattered, largely dispersed, ruined for the most part

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vidruta+bhūyiṣṭha)

• vidruta – scattered, dispersed, fled, run away
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  from root dru 'to run, flee' with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dru (class 1)
• bhūyiṣṭha – most, very much, for the most part
  adjective (neuter)
  superlative of bahu 'much'

प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they regained/obtained (they obtained, they regained, they entered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratipad

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Here pratyapadyanta is a direct form of prati-ā-pad 'to obtain, to regain'.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (descendants of Pāṇḍu))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of Pāṇḍava

Pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas (a proper clan name)

patronymic

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of king) + a (suffix)

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