महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-55, verse-42

ततस्ते सर्वमुत्साद्य हत्वा दुर्योधनं नृपम् ।
राज्यं विद्रुतभूयिष्ठं प्रत्यपद्यन्त पाण्डवाः ॥४२॥

42. tataste sarvamutsādya hatvā duryodhanaṁ nṛpam ,
rājyaṁ vidrutabhūyiṣṭhaṁ pratyapadyanta pāṇḍavāḥ.

42. tataḥ te sarvam utsādya hatvā Duryodhanam nṛpam
rājyam vidruta-bhūyiṣṭham pratyapadyanta Pāṇḍavāḥ

42. Then the Pāṇḍavas, after destroying everything and killing King Duryodhana, regained the kingdom, which was mostly ruined.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, from there, afterwards)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (that stood in their way, or the opposing forces) (all, whole, everything)

• उत्साद्य (utsādya) - having destroyed (having destroyed, having uprooted, having removed)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (Duryodhana) (king, ruler)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• विद्रुत-भूयिष्ठम् (vidruta-bhūyiṣṭham) - mostly ruined/scattered (mostly scattered, largely ruined)

• प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they regained/obtained (they obtained, they regained, they entered)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (descendants of Pāṇḍu))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, from there, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (that stood in their way, or the opposing forces) (all, whole, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, everything

उत्साद्य (utsādya) - having destroyed (having destroyed, having uprooted, having removed)

(indeclinable)

gerund

Derived from ut-sad 'to sit upon, to destroy' with -ya suffix for gerund

Prefixes: ut+sad

Root: sad (class 1)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

(indeclinable)

gerund

Derived from han 'to strike, kill' with -tvā suffix for gerund

Root: han (class 2)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Duryodhana

Duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard, evil
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior, battle
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From root yudh 'to fight'
  Root: yudh (class 4)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (Duryodhana) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, prince

Derived from nṛ 'man' + pā 'to protect'

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver, drinking
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root pā 'to protect'
  Root: pā (class 2)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, royalty, sovereignty, reign

From rājan 'king'

Root: rāj

विद्रुत-भूयिष्ठम् (vidruta-bhūyiṣṭham) - mostly ruined/scattered (mostly scattered, largely ruined)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vidruta-bhūyiṣṭha

vidruta-bhūyiṣṭha - mostly scattered, largely dispersed, ruined for the most part

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vidruta+bhūyiṣṭha)

• vidruta – scattered, dispersed, fled, run away
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  from root dru 'to run, flee' with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dru (class 1)
• bhūyiṣṭha – most, very much, for the most part
  adjective (neuter)
  superlative of bahu 'much'

प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they regained/obtained (they obtained, they regained, they entered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratipad

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Here pratyapadyanta is a direct form of prati-ā-pad 'to obtain, to regain'.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (descendants of Pāṇḍu))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of Pāṇḍava

Pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas (a proper clan name)

patronymic

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of king) + a (suffix)