महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-55, verse-15

यदा तु विविधोपायैः संवृतैर्विवृतैरपि ।
नाशक्नोद्विनिहन्तुं तान्दैवभाव्यर्थरक्षितान् ॥१५॥

15. yadā tu vividhopāyaiḥ saṁvṛtairvivṛtairapi ,
nāśaknodvinihantuṁ tāndaivabhāvyartharakṣitān.

15. yadā tu vividhopāyaiḥ saṃvṛtaiḥ vivṛtaiḥ api na
aśaknot vinihantum tān daivabhāvyārtharakṣitān

15. But when, by various means, both hidden and overt, he (Duryodhana) was unable to destroy them, for they were protected by fate's design.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed)

• विविधोपायैः (vividhopāyaiḥ) - by various means (by various means/methods)

• संवृतैः (saṁvṛtaiḥ) - by hidden (means) (by hidden, by secret (means))

• विवृतैः (vivṛtaiḥ) - by overt (means) (by open, by overt (means))

• अपि (api) - both (implying 'and' with the previous word) (also, even, both)

• न (na) - not

• अशक्नोत् (aśaknot) - was able (to destroy) (was able, could)

• विनिहन्तुम् (vinihantum) - to destroy (to destroy, to kill completely)

• तान् (tān) - them (the Pandavas) (them (masc. acc. pl.))

• दैवभाव्यार्थरक्षितान् (daivabhāvyārtharakṣitān) - protected by fate's design (protected by the essence of what is destined by fate)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed)

(indeclinable)

विविधोपायैः (vividhopāyaiḥ) - by various means (by various means/methods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividhopāya

vividhopāya - various means or methods

Compound: vividha (various) + upāya (means)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vividha+upāya)

• vividha – various, manifold, diverse
  adjective
  Prefix: vi
• upāya – means, method, stratagem
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  √i (to go) with upa + ghañ
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

संवृतैः (saṁvṛtaiḥ) - by hidden (means) (by hidden, by secret (means))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, concealed, secret, hidden

past passive participle

√vṛ (to cover) with sam + kta

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

विवृतैः (vivṛtaiḥ) - by overt (means) (by open, by overt (means))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vivṛta

vivṛta - open, exposed, manifest, revealed, overt

past passive participle

√vṛ (to cover) with vi + kta

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛ (class 5)

अपि (api) - both (implying 'and' with the previous word) (also, even, both)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अशक्नोत् (aśaknot) - was able (to destroy) (was able, could)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √śak

verb

Imperfect 3rd singular

Root: śak (class 5)

विनिहन्तुम् (vinihantum) - to destroy (to destroy, to kill completely)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

√han (to kill) with vi + ni + tumun

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

तान् (tān) - them (the Pandavas) (them (masc. acc. pl.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of vinihantum

दैवभाव्यार्थरक्षितान् (daivabhāvyārtharakṣitān) - protected by fate's design (protected by the essence of what is destined by fate)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of daivabhāvyārtharakṣita

daivabhāvyārtharakṣita - protected by the meaning/essence of what is destined by fate

Compound: daiva (divine/fated) + bhāvya (destined to be) + artha (meaning/purpose/essence) + rakṣita (protected)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daiva+bhāvya+artha+rakṣita)

• daiva – divine, fated, predestined
  adjective
• bhāvya – to be, destined to be, future
  adjective
  future passive participle (n.p.p.)
  √bhū (to be) + ṇyat
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, essence
  noun (masculine)
• rakṣita – protected, guarded
  adjective
  past passive participle
  √rakṣ (to protect) + kta
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)