महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-166, verse-2

स कदाचिद्वनं राजा मृगयां निर्ययौ पुरात् ।
मृगान्विध्यन्वराहांश्च चचार रिपुमर्दनः ॥२॥

2. sa kadācidvanaṁ rājā mṛgayāṁ niryayau purāt ,
mṛgānvidhyanvarāhāṁśca cacāra ripumardanaḥ.

2. saḥ kadācit vanam rājā mṛgayām niryayau purāt
| mṛgān vidhyan varāhān ca cacāra ripumardanaḥ

2. Once, the king, that suppressor of enemies, went out from the city into the forest for a hunt. He wandered, piercing (hunting) deer and boars.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometimes, at some time

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunt, hunting

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went out, he departed

• पुरात् (purāt) - from the city, from the town

• मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, wild animals

• विध्यन् (vidhyan) - hunting (by piercing with arrows/weapons) (piercing, striking, hitting (present participle))

• वराहान् (varāhān) - boars, wild hogs

• च (ca) - and, also

• चचार (cacāra) - he wandered, he roamed, he moved about

• रिपुमर्दनः (ripumardanaḥ) - suppressor of enemies, crusher of foes

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometimes, at some time

(indeclinable)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunt, hunting

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunt, hunting, chase

from root √mṛg (to hunt)

Root: √mṛg (class 1)

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went out, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √yā

Prefix: nir

Root: √yā (class 2)

पुरात् (purāt) - from the city, from the town

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, wild animals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, game

विध्यन् (vidhyan) - hunting (by piercing with arrows/weapons) (piercing, striking, hitting (present participle))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhyat

vidhyat - piercing, striking, hitting

Present Active Participle

derived from the root √vyadh (to pierce, to strike)

Root: √vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (the king)

वराहान् (varāhān) - boars, wild hogs

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of varāha

varāha - boar, wild hog

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चचार (cacāra) - he wandered, he roamed, he moved about

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √car

Root: √car (class 1)

रिपुमर्दनः (ripumardanaḥ) - suppressor of enemies, crusher of foes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ripumardana

ripumardana - suppressor of enemies, crusher of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ripu+mardana)

• ripu – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• mardana – crushing, destroying, oppressing, a crusher or destroyer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/verbal adjective
  derived from the root √mṛd (to crush, to rub)
  Root: √mṛd (class 9)

Note: Epithet for the king ('rājā')