महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-166, verse-16

तस्य भावं विदित्वा स नृपतेः कुरुनन्दन ।
विश्वामित्रस्ततो रक्ष आदिदेश नृपं प्रति ॥१६॥

16. tasya bhāvaṁ viditvā sa nṛpateḥ kurunandana ,
viśvāmitrastato rakṣa ādideśa nṛpaṁ prati.

16. tasya bhāvam viditvā saḥ nṛpateḥ kurunandana
viśvāmitraḥ tataḥ rakṣaḥ ādideśa nṛpam prati

16. O son of Kuru, Viśvāmitra, understanding the king's intention, then ordered a rākṣasa concerning the king.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - the king's (his, of him, of that)

• भावम् (bhāvam) - intention (intention, state of mind, feeling, existence)

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - understanding (having known, having understood)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Viśvāmitra) (he, that)

• नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - the king's (of the king, from the king)

• कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O son of Kuru, O delight of the Kurus

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

• रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - a rākṣasa (rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit)

• आदिदेश (ādideśa) - ordered (ordered, commanded, directed)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (king)

• प्रति (prati) - concerning (towards, against, regarding)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - the king's (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भावम् (bhāvam) - intention (intention, state of mind, feeling, existence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - state of being, existence, intention, disposition, feeling

विदित्वा (viditvā) - understanding (having known, having understood)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

derived from root vid

Root: vid (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (Viśvāmitra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - the king's (of the king, from the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O son of Kuru, O delight of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurunandana

kurunandana - son of Kuru, delight of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+nandana)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, also a dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, offspring, delight-giving
  noun (masculine)

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of a famous Vedic sage and king)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - a rākṣasa (rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit, monster

आदिदेश (ādideśa) - ordered (ordered, commanded, directed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ādideś

Perfect Tense

reduplicated perfect form

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

प्रति (prati) - concerning (towards, against, regarding)

(indeclinable)