महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-166, verse-1

गन्धर्व उवाच ।
कल्माषपाद इत्यस्मिँल्लोके राजा बभूव ह ।
इक्ष्वाकुवंशजः पार्थ तेजसासदृशो भुवि ॥१॥

1. gandharva uvāca ,
kalmāṣapāda ityasmiँlloke rājā babhūva ha ,
ikṣvākuvaṁśajaḥ pārtha tejasāsadṛśo bhuvi.

1. gandharvaḥ uvāca | kalmāṣapādaḥ iti asmin loke rājā
babhūva ha | ikṣvākuvaṃśajaḥ pārtha tejasā asadṛśaḥ bhuvi

1. The Gandharva said: 'In this world, O Pārtha, there was indeed a king named Kalmāṣapāda, born in the Ikṣvāku dynasty, who was incomparable in his radiance on earth.'

Words meanings summery:

• गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, divine musicians)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• कल्माषपादः (kalmāṣapādaḥ) - Kalmāṣapāda (a king's name)

• इति (iti) - introducing a name (thus, so, named)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the region

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• बभूव (babhūva) - he was, he became, he existed

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

• इक्ष्वाकुवंशजः (ikṣvākuvaṁśajaḥ) - born in the Ikṣvāku dynasty, descendant of Ikṣvāku

• पार्थ (pārtha) - Addressing Arjuna (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by radiance, by power, by glory

• असदृशः (asadṛśaḥ) - incomparable, unmatched, unrivaled

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

Words meanings and morphology

गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, divine musicians)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, known as divine musicians and protectors of Soma)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

कल्माषपादः (kalmāṣapādaḥ) - Kalmāṣapāda (a king's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalmāṣapāda

kalmāṣapāda - Kalmāṣapāda (lit. 'spotted-foot', name of a king)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kalmāṣa+pāda)

• kalmāṣa – spotted, variegated, speckled
  adjective
• pāda – foot, leg
  noun (masculine)

इति (iti) - introducing a name (thus, so, named)

(indeclinable)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'loke'

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the region

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, region, people, mankind

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

बभूव (babhūva) - he was, he became, he existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √bhū

Root: √bhū (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

इक्ष्वाकुवंशजः (ikṣvākuvaṁśajaḥ) - born in the Ikṣvāku dynasty, descendant of Ikṣvāku

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ikṣvākuvaṃśaja

ikṣvākuvaṁśaja - born in the Ikṣvāku dynasty, descendant of Ikṣvāku

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ikṣvākuvaṃśa+ja)

• ikṣvākuvaṃśa – Ikṣvāku dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root √jan (to be born)
  Root: √jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to 'rājā'

पार्थ (pārtha) - Addressing Arjuna (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a name for Arjuna and other sons of Kunti

patronymic from Pṛthā

तेजसा (tejasā) - by radiance, by power, by glory

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - radiance, splendor, power, energy, spiritual energy

असदृशः (asadṛśaḥ) - incomparable, unmatched, unrivaled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asadṛśa

asadṛśa - incomparable, unmatched, unequal, dissimilar

negation of 'sadṛśa'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sadṛśa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• sadṛśa – similar, like, equal, resembling
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'rājā'

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land