महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-165, verse-40

विश्वामित्रस्य सैन्यं तु काल्यमानं त्रियोजनम् ।
क्रोशमानं भयोद्विग्नं त्रातारं नाध्यगच्छत ॥४०॥

40. viśvāmitrasya sainyaṁ tu kālyamānaṁ triyojanam ,
krośamānaṁ bhayodvignaṁ trātāraṁ nādhyagacchata.

40. viśvāmitrasya sainyam tu kālyamānam triyojanam
krośamānam bhayodvignam trātāram na adhyagacchata

40. Viśvāmitra's army, being driven away for a distance of three yojanas, was crying out and agitated with fear, but it could not find a protector.

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्रस्य (viśvāmitrasya) - of Viśvāmitra

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• काल्यमानम् (kālyamānam) - being driven away, being harassed

• त्रियोजनम् (triyojanam) - for three yojanas (a distance)

• क्रोशमानम् (krośamānam) - crying out, wailing

• भयोद्विग्नम् (bhayodvignam) - agitated with fear, terrified

• त्रातारम् (trātāram) - a protector, savior

• न (na) - not, no

• अध्यगच्छत (adhyagacchata) - did find, did obtain, did reach

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्रस्य (viśvāmitrasya) - of Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)

Note: Possessive with 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force

Note: Subject of 'nādhyagacchata'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

काल्यमानम् (kālyamānam) - being driven away, being harassed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kālyamāna

kālyamāna - being driven, being pursued, being harassed

Present Passive Participle

From causative of root √kal (to drive, impel).

Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

त्रियोजनम् (triyojanam) - for three yojanas (a distance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of triyojana

triyojana - three yojanas (a yojana is an ancient unit of distance, approx. 8-15 km)

Compound type : dvigu (tri+yojana)

• tri – three
  numeral
• yojana – yojana (a measure of distance)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative of extent of space.

क्रोशमानम् (krośamānam) - crying out, wailing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of krośamāna

krośamāna - crying, wailing, shouting

Present Middle Participle

From root √kruś (to cry, shout).

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

भयोद्विग्नम् (bhayodvignam) - agitated with fear, terrified

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhayodvigna

bhayodvigna - agitated by fear, terrified

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+udvigna)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• udvigna – agitated, disturbed, distressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vij (to tremble) with upasarga ud-.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

त्रातारम् (trātāram) - a protector, savior

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trātṛ

trātṛ - protector, savior, defender

Agent noun from root √trai (to protect).

Root: trai (class 1)

Note: Object of 'adhyagacchata'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अध्यगच्छत (adhyagacchata) - did find, did obtain, did reach

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of adhyagacchata

Imperfect

From root √gam (to go) with upasarga adhi-. 3rd person singular.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: With 'na', means 'did not find'.