महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-165, verse-26

गौरुवाच ।
पाषाणदण्डाभिहतां क्रन्दन्तीं मामनाथवत् ।
विश्वामित्रबलैर्घोरैर्भगवन्किमुपेक्षसे ॥२६॥

26. gauruvāca ,
pāṣāṇadaṇḍābhihatāṁ krandantīṁ māmanāthavat ,
viśvāmitrabalairghorairbhagavankimupekṣase.

26. gauḥ uvāca pāṣāṇadaṇḍābhihatām krandantīm mām anāthavat
viśvāmitrabalaiḥ ghoraiḥ bhagavan kim upekṣase

26. The cow said: "O revered one, why do you neglect me, who am crying and helpless like an orphan, struck by terrible stones and sticks from Viśvāmitra's forces?"

26. הפרה אמרה, הו אדון נכבד, אני מוכה באבנים ובמקלות וצועקת כמי שאין לה מגן, מדוע אתה מתעלם ממני מול צבאותיו הנוראים של וִישְׁוָאמִיטְרַה?

Words meanings summery:

• गौः (gauḥ) - Refers to Nandini. (the cow)

• उवाच (uvāca) - she said, she spoke

• पाषाणदण्डाभिहताम् (pāṣāṇadaṇḍābhihatām) - struck by stones and sticks

• क्रन्दन्तीम् (krandantīm) - crying, wailing

• माम् (mām) - Refers to Nandini, the cow. (me)

• अनाथवत् (anāthavat) - like an orphan, helpless

• विश्वामित्रबलैः (viśvāmitrabalaiḥ) - by Viśvāmitra's forces

• घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - terrible, dreadful

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - Addressing Vasiṣṭha. (O revered one, O lord)

• किम् (kim) - why, what

• उपेक्षसे (upekṣase) - you neglect, you disregard

Words meanings and morphology

गौः (gauḥ) - Refers to Nandini. (the cow)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, earth, speech, ray of light

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - she said, she spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Introduces Nandini's speech.

पाषाणदण्डाभिहताम् (pāṣāṇadaṇḍābhihatām) - struck by stones and sticks

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāṣāṇadaṇḍābhihatā

pāṣāṇadaṇḍābhihatā - struck by stones and sticks

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from 'pāṣāṇa' (stone), 'daṇḍa' (stick), and 'abhihatā' (struck by, from abhi-√han).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṣāṇa+daṇḍa+abhihatā)

• pāṣāṇa – stone, rock
  noun (masculine)
• daṇḍa – stick, rod, staff
  noun (masculine)
• abhihatā – struck, beaten, hit
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix abhi.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'.

क्रन्दन्तीम् (krandantīm) - crying, wailing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of krandant

krandant - crying, wailing, roaring, lamenting

Present Active Participle

From root √krand (to cry, lament) with śatṛ suffix. Accusative singular feminine.

Root: √krand (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'.

माम् (mām) - Refers to Nandini, the cow. (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'upekṣase'.

अनाथवत् (anāthavat) - like an orphan, helpless

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'anātha' (orphan, helpless) with the suffix -vat (like, similar to).

Note: Adverb modifying the state of 'mām'.

विश्वामित्रबलैः (viśvāmitrabalaiḥ) - by Viśvāmitra's forces

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of viśvāmitrabala

viśvāmitrabala - Viśvāmitra's forces/armies

Compound of 'viśvāmitra' (Viśvāmitra) and 'bala' (force, army).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśvāmitra+bala)

• viśvāmitra – Viśvāmitra (name of a powerful sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrumental agent, indicating who caused the hitting.

घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, awful, formidable

Note: Agrees with 'viśvāmitrabalaiḥ'.

भगवन् (bhagavan) - Addressing Vasiṣṭha. (O revered one, O lord)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - lord, divine, revered, prosperous, fortunate

किम् (kim) - why, what

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle, asking 'why'.

उपेक्षसे (upekṣase) - you neglect, you disregard

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √īkṣ

2nd person singular, middle voice, Present tense (Laṭ) with prefixes upa-ī.

Prefixes: upa+ī

Root: √īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is the implied 'you' (Vasiṣṭha).

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