महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-165, verse-23

आगम्याभिमुखी पार्थ तस्थौ भगवदुन्मुखी ।
भृशं च ताड्यमानापि न जगामाश्रमात्ततः ॥२३॥

23. āgamyābhimukhī pārtha tasthau bhagavadunmukhī ,
bhṛśaṁ ca tāḍyamānāpi na jagāmāśramāttataḥ.

23. āgamya abhimukhī pārtha tasthau bhagavat unmukhī
bhṛśam ca tāḍyamānā api na jagāma āśramāt tataḥ

23. O Pārtha, having come and turned towards him, she stood facing the revered sage (Vasiṣṭha). Even though she was greatly struck, she did not leave the hermitage (āśrama) from that spot.

Words meanings summery:

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having come, approaching

• अभिमुखी (abhimukhī) - facing towards, turned towards

• पार्थ (pārtha) - An epithet for Arjuna. (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā)

• तस्थौ (tasthau) - she stood, she remained

• भगवत् (bhagavat) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha. (revered, divine, auspicious)

• उन्मुखी (unmukhī) - facing upwards, facing towards

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

• च (ca) - and

• ताड्यमाना (tāḍyamānā) - being struck, being beaten

• अपि (api) - even, although

• न (na) - not

• जगाम (jagāma) - she went

• आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage (āśrama)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence

Words meanings and morphology

आगम्य (āgamya) - having come, approaching

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √gam (to go) with prefix ā, forming an absolutive with the suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies the main verb 'tasthau'.

अभिमुखी (abhimukhī) - facing towards, turned towards

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhimukhī

abhimukhī - facing towards, turned towards (feminine of abhimukha)

Compound formed from 'abhi' (towards) and 'mukha' (face).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, near, against
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Nandini).

पार्थ (pārtha) - An epithet for Arjuna. (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - Pārtha, son of Pṛthā (an epithet of Arjuna)

Derived from 'Pṛthā' (Kuntī) with the patronymic suffix -aṇ.

Note: Addressing the listener (presumably Arjuna).

तस्थौ (tasthau) - she stood, she remained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √sthā

Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject is Nandini (implied).

भगवत् (bhagavat) - Refers to Vasiṣṭha. (revered, divine, auspicious)

(adjective)

masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - lord, divine, revered, auspicious, fortunate

Note: As part of a compound meaning 'facing the revered one'.

उन्मुखी (unmukhī) - facing upwards, facing towards

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of unmukhī

unmukhī - facing upwards, looking up, facing towards (feminine of unmukha)

Compound formed from 'ud' (up, out) and 'mukha' (face).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ud+mukha)

• ud – up, out, forth
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Nandini). The full compound 'bhagavaddunmukhī' means 'facing the revered one (Vasiṣṭha)'.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter used adverbially.

Note: Adverb modifying 'tāḍyamānā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle.

ताड्यमाना (tāḍyamānā) - being struck, being beaten

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tāḍyamāna

tāḍyamāna - being struck, being beaten

Present Passive Participle

From root √taḍ (to strike) in passive voice, with śānac suffix.

Root: √taḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Nandini).

अपि (api) - even, although

(indeclinable)

Used to denote 'even though' when combined with a participle.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

जगाम (jagāma) - she went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √gam

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is Nandini (implied). Used with 'na' to mean 'did not go'.

आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage (āśrama)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, dwelling place, a stage of life (āśrama)

From prefix ā + root √śram (to toil, to rest).

Prefix: ā

Root: √śram (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronoun 'tad' (that) with the ablative suffix -tas.

Note: Emphasizes 'from that spot in the hermitage'.