महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-165, verse-25

गन्धर्व उवाच ।
सा तु तेषां बलान्नन्दी बलानां भरतर्षभ ।
विश्वामित्रभयोद्विग्ना वसिष्ठं समुपागमत् ॥२५॥

25. gandharva uvāca ,
sā tu teṣāṁ balānnandī balānāṁ bharatarṣabha ,
viśvāmitrabhayodvignā vasiṣṭhaṁ samupāgamat.

25. gandharvaḥ uvāca sā tu teṣām balāt nandinī balānām
bharatarṣabha viśvāmitrabhayodvignā vasiṣṭham samupāgamat

25. The Gandharva said: "But she, Nandini, O best of Bhāratas, agitated by fear of Viśvāmitra, escaped from the grasp of those armies and approached Vasiṣṭha."

25. הגַנְדְהַרְוַה אמר, הו מעולה בני בְּהַרַטַה, אך נַנְדִי, נסערת מפחד מוִישְׁוָאמִיטְרַה ומפני עוצמת צבאו, התקרבה אל וַסִישְׁתְהַא.

Words meanings summery:

• गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - the Gandharva

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• सा (sā) - Refers to Nandini. (she)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's men/forces. (of those)

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, from the power/grasp

• नन्दिनी (nandinī) - The cow Nandini. (Nandini)

• बलानाम् (balānām) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's armies. (of the armies, of the forces)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An epithet for a king or Arjuna, indicating the addressee. (O best of Bhāratas)

• विश्वामित्रभयोद्विग्ना (viśvāmitrabhayodvignā) - agitated/disturbed by fear of Viśvāmitra

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - to Vasiṣṭha

• समुपागमत् (samupāgamat) - she approached

Words meanings and morphology

गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - the Gandharva

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, often musicians and celestial attendants)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Introduces the Gandharva's statement.

सा (sā) - Refers to Nandini. (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Subject of 'samupāgamat'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Adversative particle.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's men/forces. (of those)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Modifies 'balānām'.

बलात् (balāt) - by force, from the power/grasp

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Note: Indicates separation ('from the grasp') or manner ('by force').

नन्दिनी (nandinī) - The cow Nandini. (Nandini)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nandinī

nandinī - Nandini (name of Vasiṣṭha's cow), delightful one

Nominative singular feminine.

Root: √nand (class 1)

बलानाम् (balānām) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's armies. (of the armies, of the forces)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Note: Modifies 'teṣām'.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An epithet for a king or Arjuna, indicating the addressee. (O best of Bhāratas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bhāratas (lit. 'bull among Bhāratas'), an epithet for a noble king or warrior

Compound of 'bharata' (descendant of Bharata, name of a king) and 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king, progenitor of a lineage
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

विश्वामित्रभयोद्विग्ना (viśvāmitrabhayodvignā) - agitated/disturbed by fear of Viśvāmitra

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viśvāmitrabhayodvigna

viśvāmitrabhayodvigna - agitated/disturbed by fear of Viśvāmitra

Compound adjective: 'viśvāmitra' (Viśvāmitra) + 'bhaya' (fear) + 'udvigna' (agitated, from ud-√vij).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśvāmitra+bhaya+udvigna)

• viśvāmitra – Viśvāmitra (name of a powerful sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread, apprehension
  noun (neuter)
• udvigna – agitated, disturbed, distressed
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vij (to tremble, to be agitated) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: √vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'sā' (Nandini).

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - to Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

Note: Object of 'samupāgamat', indicating destination.

समुपागमत् (samupāgamat) - she approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √gam

3rd person singular, active voice, Imperfect tense (Laṅ) with prefixes sam-upa-ā.

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'sā' (Nandini).

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