महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-165, verse-38

एकैकश्च तदा योधः पञ्चभिः सप्तभिर्वृतः ।
अस्त्रवर्षेण महता काल्यमानं बलं ततः ।
प्रभग्नं सर्वतस्त्रस्तं विश्वामित्रस्य पश्यतः ॥३८॥

38. ekaikaśca tadā yodhaḥ pañcabhiḥ saptabhirvṛtaḥ ,
astravarṣeṇa mahatā kālyamānaṁ balaṁ tataḥ ,
prabhagnaṁ sarvatastrastaṁ viśvāmitrasya paśyataḥ.

38. ekaikaḥ ca tadā yodhaḥ pañcabhiḥ
saptabhiḥ vṛtaḥ astravarṣeṇa mahatā
kālyamānam balam tataḥ prabhagnam
sarvatas trastam viśvāmitrasya paśyataḥ

38. Then, as Viśvāmitra watched, each warrior was surrounded by five or seven (foes). Consequently, the army, being driven away by a tremendous shower of weapons, was shattered and terrified from all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• एकैकः (ekaikaḥ) - each one, every single one

• च (ca) - and, also

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• योधः (yodhaḥ) - warrior, fighter

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - by five

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - by seven

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• अस्त्रवर्षेण (astravarṣeṇa) - by a shower of weapons

• महता (mahatā) - by great, mighty

• काल्यमानम् (kālyamānam) - being driven away, being harassed

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

• प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - broken, shattered, defeated

• सर्वतस् (sarvatas) - from all sides, everywhere

• त्रस्तम् (trastam) - terrified, frightened

• विश्वामित्रस्य (viśvāmitrasya) - of Viśvāmitra

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching, seeing

Words meanings and morphology

एकैकः (ekaikaḥ) - each one, every single one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekaika

ekaika - each one, every single one

Compound type : dvirukta (eka+eka)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

योधः (yodhaḥ) - warrior, fighter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yodha

yodha - warrior, combatant

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - by five

(numeral)

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - by seven

(numeral)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛ (to cover, enclose).

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yodhaḥ'.

अस्त्रवर्षेण (astravarṣeṇa) - by a shower of weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of astravarṣa

astravarṣa - shower of weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+varṣa)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)

महता (mahatā) - by great, mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Agrees with 'astravarṣeṇa'.

काल्यमानम् (kālyamānam) - being driven away, being harassed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kālyamāna

kālyamāna - being driven, being pursued, being harassed

Present Passive Participle

From causative of root √kal (to drive, impel).

Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Note: Subject of 'prabhagnam' and 'trastam'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

(indeclinable)

प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - broken, shattered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prabhagna

prabhagna - broken, shattered, defeated, put to flight

Past Passive Participle

From root √bhañj (to break) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

सर्वतस् (sarvatas) - from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

त्रस्तम् (trastam) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of trasta

trasta - terrified, frightened, trembling

Past Passive Participle

From root √tras (to tremble, be afraid).

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

विश्वामित्रस्य (viśvāmitrasya) - of Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching, seeing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, watching

Present Active Participle

From root √dṛś (to see), with 'paśya' stem in present.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used in locative absolute sense with 'viśvāmitrasya'.