योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-52, verse-18

मध्ये मध्ये यदुत्सेधफलाद्यवयवैकिका ।
आदेहं बीजसत्तास्ति कार्यकारणता कुतः ॥ १८ ॥

madhye madhye yadutsedhaphalādyavayavaikikā ,
ādehaṃ bījasattāsti kāryakāraṇatā kutaḥ 18

18. madhye madhye yat utsedha-phala-ādi-avayava-ekikā
ādeham bījasattā asti kārya-kāraṇatā kutaḥ

18. yat utsedha-phala-ādi-avayava-ekikā madhye madhye (bhavati)? ādeham bījasattā asti,
(tataḥ) kārya-kāraṇatā kutaḥ?

18. Which singular principle, whether in the form of growth, fruit, or other parts, exists through all intermediate stages? If the seed's essence (bījasattā) exists throughout the entire body (ādeham), then how can there be [a distinct concept of] cause and effect?

Words meanings summery:

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the intermediate stages, at every stage (in the middle, in between, among)

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the intermediate stages, at every stage (in the middle, in between, among)

• यत् (yat) - which (referring to the singular principle) (which, that (relative/interrogative pronoun))

• उत्सेध-फल-आदि-अवयव-एकिका (utsedha-phala-ādi-avayava-ekikā) - a singular principle in the form of growth, fruit, or other parts (a unique part such as growth and fruit)

• आदेहम् (ādeham) - throughout the entire body (up to the body, throughout the body, pervading the body)

• बीजसत्ता (bījasattā) - the seed's essence (bījasattā) (existence of the seed, seed-state, seed's essence)

• अस्ति (asti) - exists (is, exists, happens)

• कार्य-कारणता (kārya-kāraṇatā) - a distinct relationship of cause and effect (the state of being cause and effect, causality)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (can there be)? (from where? why? how?)

Words meanings and morphology

मध्ये (madhye) - in the intermediate stages, at every stage (in the middle, in between, among)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, intermediate

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'in between, in between' (i.e. at all intermediate points).

मध्ये (madhye) - in the intermediate stages, at every stage (in the middle, in between, among)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, intermediate

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'in between, in between' (i.e. at all intermediate points).

यत् (yat) - which (referring to the singular principle) (which, that (relative/interrogative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Can be interpreted as an interrogative pronoun here, or part of a relative clause.

उत्सेध-फल-आदि-अवयव-एकिका (utsedha-phala-ādi-avayava-ekikā) - a singular principle in the form of growth, fruit, or other parts (a unique part such as growth and fruit)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / karmadhāraya (utsedha+phala+ādi+avayava+ekikā)

• utsedha – growth, swelling, rise
  noun (masculine)
  From ud-sidh (to grow up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sidh (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  indeclinable
• avayava – part, member, component, constituent
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ava' + 'yava' (to join)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: yu (class 2)
• ekikā – single, unique, solitary, one (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from 'eka' (one), feminine form.

Note: The entire compound functions as a noun in the nominative case.

आदेहम् (ādeham) - throughout the entire body (up to the body, throughout the body, pervading the body)

(indeclinable)

Formed with prefix 'ā' (up to) and 'deha' (body). Accusative used adverbially.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ā+deha)

• ā – up to, until, towards, throughout
  preposition/upasarga
• deha – body, form, existence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase.

बीजसत्ता (bījasattā) - the seed's essence (bījasattā) (existence of the seed, seed-state, seed's essence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bījasattā

bījasattā - existence of the seed, seed-state, essential nature of the seed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bīja+sattā)

• bīja – seed, origin, source
  noun (neuter)
• sattā – existence, being, essence, reality
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'as' (to be) with suffix -tā.
  Root: as (class 2)

अस्ति (asti) - exists (is, exists, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Present Indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कार्य-कारणता (kārya-kāraṇatā) - a distinct relationship of cause and effect (the state of being cause and effect, causality)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kārya-kāraṇatā

kārya-kāraṇatā - causality, the state of being cause and effect

Compound type : dvandva / tatpuruṣa (kārya+kāraṇa+tā)

• kārya – effect, product, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do) with suffix -ana.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• tā – state, condition, -ness (suffix)
  suffix (feminine)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (can there be)? (from where? why? how?)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial interrogative, originally ablative of 'kim'.

Note: Used here to express rhetorical doubt or impossibility.

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